Table 1.
Means and standard deviations of the analysed variables
| Variable | Mean or % | SD |
|---|---|---|
| Male | 51% | 0.50 |
| Hispanic | 19% | 0.39 |
| Black | 26% | 0.44 |
| Having siblings | 60% | 0.49 |
| Low birth-weight | 8% | 0.27 |
| Log family income before birth | 10.29 | 0.96 |
| At birth | ||
| Mother married | 69% | 0.46 |
| Mother’s age | 24.62 | 3.56 |
| Mother’s education | 12.10 | 2.30 |
| Frequency of mother smoking during pregnancy | 0.40 | 0.67 |
| Frequency of mother drinking alcohol during pregnancy | 0.65 | 1.14 |
| # of years receiving welfare by child age 11/12 | 1.38 | 2.53 |
| # of years living in single-mother families by child age 11/12 | 2.40 | 3.34 |
| Mother’s work schedule | ||
| # of years working at evening hours | 0.54 | 1.12 |
| # of years working at night hours | 0.21 | 0.63 |
| # of years working at irregular hours | 0.77 | 1.28 |
| Average # of work hours | 24.03 | 15.00 |
| # of years working at professional jobs | 1.43 | 2.46 |
| # of years working at sales jobs | 0.38 | 1.02 |
| # of years working at service jobs | 3.46 | 3.18 |
| Father’s work schedule | ||
| # of years working at evening hours | 0.27 | 0.85 |
| # of years working at night hours | 0.28 | 0.81 |
| # of years working at irregular hours | 0.60 | 1.28 |
| Average # of work hours | 43.13 | 10.01 |
| HOME-SF | 953.35 | 158.96 |
| Mom miss important events a lot | 12% | 0.33 |
| Dad miss important events a lot | 27% | 0.44 |
| Mom knows where the child was | 40% | 0.49 |
| Dad knows where the child was | 54% | 0.50 |
| Feel close to mom | 3.51 | 0.76 |
| Not very | 2.85% | |
| Fairly | 7.66% | |
| Quite | 25.33% | |
| Extremely | 64.16% | |
| Feel close to dad | 3.01 | 1.04 |
| Not very | 12.58% | |
| Fairly | 15.78% | |
| Quite | 29.45% | |
| Extremely | 42.19% | |
| Share ideas with mom | 3.12 | 0.89 |
| Not very | 6.19% | |
| Fairly | 15.63% | |
| Quite | 37.74% | |
| Extremely | 40.44% | |
| Share ideas with dad | 2.70 | 1.02 |
| Not very | 16.10% | |
| Fairly | 23.96% | |
| Quite | 34.25% | |
| Extremely | 25.69% | |
| Frequency of having meals together | 2.75 | 1.81 |
| Never | 24.00% | |
| Once a month or less | 4.25% | |
| Once a week | 7.02% | |
| Several times a week | 17.90% | |
| Once a day | 31.12% | |
| More than once a day | 15.69% | |
| Hours watching TV on a weekday | 4.98 | 5.65 |
| Hours watching TV on a weekend day | 4.86 | 4.76 |
| Time spending together | 4.12 | 1.90 |
| Adolescent depression | −0.87 | 0.52 |