Table 2.
A Summary of Risk Factors for Osteoporosis Related to Gastrointestinal Disease
| Risk factor | Diseases |
|---|---|
| Mucosal disease and decreased transit time | CD, PGx, SBS (malabsorption) |
| Steatorrhea impairs vitamin D absorption | All diseases |
| Inflammation alters bone metabolism | CD, IBD, CLD |
| Secondary hyperparathyroidism | All diseases |
| Metabolic acidosis | SBS (diarrhea), CLD (RTA) |
| Abnormal gonadal axis | CD, IBD, CLD |
- CD=
celiac disease
- CLD=
chronic liver disease
- IBD=
inflammatory bowel disease
- PGx=
postgastrectomy
- RTA=
renal tubular acidosis
- SBS=
short bowel syndrome