Table 3.

Multivariable-adjusted estimates of ADL limitations (N=15,385–15,853)

	Control population (%)	Primary TKA (%)	Primary THA (%)	Combination group (%)	P value
Limitation in
Bathing	39.8	44.2	52.6	57.2	<0.0001
Dressing	32.4	34.9	54.7	48.3	<0.0001
Eating	18.1	13.2	24.9	15.4	0.0965
Transferring	51.6	71.9	70.8	74.7	<0.0001
Walking	72	81.9	84.8	88.7	<0.0001
Using toilet	21.1	22.7	32.6	31.2	0.0009
Overall ADL limitation					<0.0001
None	38.5	29.1	21.7	21.7
Moderate	37.3	38.1	36.4	36.4
Severe	24.2	32.8	41.8	41.8

Adjusted for age, gender, race, education level, employment status, marital status, smoking status, self-report of six physician-diagnosed comorbidities (asthma/COPD, arthritis, depression, diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, percent service connection and single vs. multiple-site use); univariate results not presented since results were similar