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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Oct 7.
Published in final edited form as: Eur J Immunol. 2008 Feb;38(2):400–409. doi: 10.1002/eji.200737602

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Cytokine production following CD40 and TLR costimulation. A) human peripheral B cells, B) mouse high density (HD, resting) B cells, and C) the mouse B cell line CH12.LX were incubated with CD154-expressing Hi5 cells or control Hi5 cells alone (solid bars) or with R-848 (open bars) for 24 hours. Supernatants were assayed for IL-6 by ELISA. Each IL-6 graph is representative of five individual experiments, while the TNF-α and IL-12 graphs are representative of two individual experiments utilizing cells from two different donors. Hi5 to B cell ratios were 1:5, while R-848 was used at a final concentration of 0.2μg/ml for human and mouse primary cells and 10ng/ml for CH12 cells. * Statistical difference between CD154 and CD154 + R-848 (student's paired T-test P value < 0.01). ** Statistical difference between cells stimulated with R-848 alone and those receiving dual stimulation. Student's paired T-Test P value < 0.01).