TABLE 2.

Unadjusted and Adjusted MDI Scores by ARV Exposure and Other Characteristics

Characteristic	n	Unadjusted, Mean ± SD	Least Squares (Adjusted), Mean	Pa
In utero ARV exposure				.070
Not exposed	146	90.6 ± 18.4	92.2
Exposed	1694	87.7 ± 16.9	94.8
BSID test version				<.001
BSID I	449	95.4 ± 18.3	100.6
BSID II	1391	85.5 ± 15.9	86.4
Primary caregiver				.580
Biological parent	1758	87.9 ± 17.0	93.0
Other adult (foster, adoptive)	82	87.4 ± 17.1	93.9
Primary caregiver education level				<.001
Less than high school	642	86.3 ± 17.2	90.8
High school graduate/equivalency	601	87.8 ± 16.6	92.0
Some college/technical school	401	89.2 ± 17.1	93.8
College graduate	93	93.2 ± 18.6	98.9
Other education	103	89.1 ± 15.8	92.0
Primary language				.009
English	1355	88.5 ± 17.0	94.8
Other	485	86.4 ± 17.1	92.2
Gender				<.001
Male	919	86.0 ± 16.5	91.3
Female	921	89.8 ± 17.4	95.6
Age at time of test, mo				<.001
<9	209	95.5 ± 13.2	101.5
9–15	393	94.2 ± 12.9	100.0
15–21	285	88.4 ± 15.2	92.2
21–27	804	84.0 ± 18.2	88.3
>27	149	80.7 ± 18.7	85.4
Race/ethnicity				<.001
White Non-Hispanic and other race	242	95.3 ± 17.7	95.7
Black non-Hispanic	1016	86.5 ± 16.4	91.5
Hispanic	582	87.4 ± 17.1	93.3
Birth weight				<.001
LBW (<2500 g)	293	82.2 ± 16.9	90.9
Normal birth weight (>2500 g)	1547	89.0 ± 16.9	96.1
Birth year				.019
1991–1994	294	92.7 ± 17.5	90.8
1994–2000	817	87.2 ± 17.8	94.7
2000–2006	729	86.8 ± 15.7	95.0
Region of United States				<.001
Midwest	165	92.0 ± 14.5	96.6
Northeast	579	84.8 ± 17.9	89.0
South (including Puerto Rico)	851	87.8 ± 16.7	94.0
West	245	93.1 ± 16.1	94.4
Type of site				<.001
Rural (<1 million population)	301	93.6 ± 15.4	97.0
Urban	1539	86.8 ± 17.1	90.0
Size of site (total accrual)				<.001
≤45 subjects	1034	90.6 ± 16.5	96.2
>45 subjects	806	84.5 ± 17.1	90.8

^aFrom type III F test of effect in multiple linear regression model, adjusting for all other covariates shown above at their average levels.