Table 1.

Details of the relations between the aberrations (converted to equivalent defocus (DS)) and the effects of their compensation on contrast thresholds (S′). Note that the data for HJT are based on 16 c/deg and those for the other observers are based on 12 c/deg. Values in parentheses indicate ±standard deviation.

Subject	Equivalent defocus (DS)	Average S′	Max-min orientation specific S′
MM	0.32	5.0 (±2.2)	8.0-2.0
HJT	0.21	2.6 (±0.6)	3.6-1.6
PK	0.21	1.9 (±0.91)	3.3-1.2
MB	0.15	1.9 (±0.7)	2.5-1.2
ML	0.12	1.8 (±1.0)	3.2-1.1