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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Oct 7.
Published in final edited form as: J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2010 Sep;69(9):918–929. doi: 10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181ee7d85

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

Spinal cord pathology in chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) with TAR DNA-binding protein of approximately 43 kd (TDP-43) proteinopathy, tauopathy, and motor neuron disease (CTE + MND). (A, B) Whole-mount 50-μm sections of lumbar and thoracic spinal cord immunostained with antibody AT8 showing abundant tau immunostaining in the ventral horns. (C) Tau-positive astrocytic tangles in the ventral horn of Case 1 (AT8 immunostain, original magnification: 100×). (D) Whole-mount 10-μm section through high thoracic spinal cord showing marked myelin and axonal loss in the lateral and ventral corticospinal tracts. Atrophic ventral roots are not visible. Luxol fast blue hematoxylin and eosin stain, original magnification: 1×. (E) Whole-mount 50-μm section of high thoracic cord showing intense immunoreactivity for activated microglia and macrophages in lateral and corticospinal tracts (LN-3 immunostain, original magnification: 1×). (F) Tau-positive neurofibrillary tangles in ventral horn of Case 3, AT8 immunostain, original magnification: 600×. (G) TDP-43 immunoreactivity in ventral horn, original magnification: 50×. (H) TDP-43 immunoreactive filamentous neuronal inclusions (FNIs), ring-shaped glial inclusions (RGIs), and ring-shaped neurites (RNs) in the ventral horns of the lumbar spinal cord in Case 3, original magnification: 200×. (I) Tau-positive astrocytes and their processes surrounding degenerating anterior horn cells in the thoracic spinal cord (AT8 immunostain, original magnification: 350×). (J) TDP-43–positive FNIs, RGIs, and RNs in the ventral horns of the lumbar spinal cord in Case 2, original magnification: 200×. (K) TDP-43–positive FNI in the anterior horn, original magnification: 400×.(L) Double immunostained sections show tau-positive astrocytes (brown) and their processes surrounding anterior horn neurons containing TDP-43–positive filamentous inclusions (red), PHF-1 and TDP-43 immunostains, original magnification: 400×. (M) TDP-43–positive FNIs, RGIs, and RNs in the lumbar ventral horns in Case 1, original magnification: 200×. (N) TDP-43–positive FNIs in the anterior horn, original magnification: 400×. (O) Double immunostained sections showing tau-positive astrocytes (brown) and their processes surrounding anterior horn neurons containing TDP-43–positive FNIs (red), PHF-1 and TDP-43 immunostains, original magnification: 600×.