TABLE 3.
TDP-43 Immunoreactivity in the 12 Athletes With Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy
| Case | MND | TDP-43 Immunoreactivity |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spinal Cord | Medulla | Midbrain | Basal Ganglia | Diencephalon | Frontal Cortex | Rolandic Cortex | Insula | Temporal Cortex | Subcortical White Matter | Medial Temporal Lobe | Dentate Gyrus | ||
| 1* | Yes | +++ | ++ | +++ | + | ++ | ++ | +++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | 0 |
| 2* | Yes | +++ | ++ | +++ | + | ++ | ++ | +++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | 0 |
| 3* | Yes | ++ | + | +++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | r |
| 4† | No | + | + | +++ | ++ | ++ | + | + | + | + | +++ | ++ | r |
| 5† | No | 0 | + | + | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | +++ | + | + | r |
| 6* | No | 0 | + | 0 | + | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ++ | 0 |
| 7* | No | 0 | 0 | + | 0 | 0 | + | + | + | +++ | + | + | 0 |
| 8† | No | 0 | + | + | ++ | + | + | + | + | + | + | ++ | r |
| 9† | No | NA | ++ | ++ | + | + | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | + | 0 |
| 10‡ | No | NA | NA | + | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 11‡ | No | NA | NA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 12‡ | No | NA | NA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Entire spinal cord studied.
Cervical spinal cord only studied.
No spinal cord tissue available for study.
TDP-43 immunoreactivity rated on a semiquantitative 0–4 scale: 0, absent; r, rare; +, mild; ++, moderate; +++, severe; NA, data not available; MND, motor neuron disease.