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. 2010 Oct 7;6(10):e1001136. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001136

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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration, which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose.

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Six hours before infection, BALB/c mice were treated with a TGF-β neutralizing antibody (1D11) or an isotype control antibody (IgG) at a dose of 0.5 mg/mouse and subsequently inoculated with PBS (control) or 10⁵ TCID₅₀ units of HK/486 virus (n = 15). Antibodies were readministered every 48 hpi. At 0, 1, 4, and 7 days pi, total TGF-β levels were analyzed in lung homogenates by a mouse TGF-β-specific ELISA (A). Weights (B) and survival (C) were monitored for 14 dpi. On days 2, 4, 8, and 10 pi, lung homogenates were monitored viral titers by TCID₅₀ analysis on MDCK cells (D). Error bars represent standard error of the mean. Asterisk (*) indicates significant decrease in TGF-β levels as compared with infected group treated with IgG (A), and increase in viral titers as compared with HK/486-infected mice with and without IgG treatment (D).