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Patient inclusion and exclusion criteria
| Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria |
| Old age (> 55 yr old) | Dysphagia |
| Smoking (> 5 d/wk) | Recent upper GI hemorrhage |
| Alcohol intake (> 5 d/wk) | Liver cirrhosis |
| History of non-esophageal primary cancer | Cardiac or coagulation disorder |
