TABLE 1.

Barriers to and Facilitators of Research Utilization in Young Driver Policy, by Influential Policy Actors: Selected States in Australia and the United States, 2007–2009

Barriers	Facilitators
Influence of political factors (e.g., electoral support for policy alternatives) and ideological factors (e.g., protection of civil liberties) on policymaker reception of research	Evidence-based policymaking culture; high value placed on research
	Researcher awareness of existing political constraints
	Opportunities for ongoing research input into formal policymaking structures
Bureaucratic filtering of research information	Policy networks, conferences, and research studies that produce personal relationships among long-term policy actors
Poor-quality evaluation research	High-quality evaluation research
Politically determined, small-scale research funding	Researcher-determined, large-scale, policy-relevant research funding
Increasing prioritization of peer-reviewed publications as the sole research output	Researcher and research institute emphasis on policy impact
Media reporting not based on evidence	Effective media advocacy for evidence-based alternatives
Inability of researchers to effectively disseminate research	Effective research dissemination techniques