TABLE 1.

Numbers of Deaths Associated With Autoimmune Diseases as an Underlying Cause or an Underlying or Contributory Cause (Any Mention) of Death Among Females Aged 1 Year or Older: England and Wales, 2003

	Aged 1–14 Years		Aged 15–34 Years		Aged 35–54 Years		Aged 55–74 Years		Aged ≥ 75 Years		Overalla
	Underlying	Any Mention	Underlying	Any Mention	Underlying	Any Mention	Underlying	Any Mention	Underlying	Any Mention	Underlying	Any Mention
Addison's disease	0	0	0	1	3	10	2	26	11	52	16	89
Ankylosing spondylitis	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	8	0	2	2	10
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia	0	0	0	0	0	1	4	17	17	50	21	68
Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura	0	0	0	0	0	1	4	8	11	35	15	44
Bullous autoimmune disease	0	0	0	0	0	1	5	9	31	113	36	123
Celiac disease	0	0	0	1	0	4	4	18	12	37	16	60
Chronic active hepatitis	0	0	1	1	0	0	2	3	1	1	4	5
Dermatomyositis/polymyositis	0	0	0	0	1	2	4	15	15	24	20	41
Glomerulonephritis	0	1	2	3	4	15	19	57	43	86	68	162
Goodpasture's syndrome	0	0	0	0	1	1	2	4	5	5	8	10
Graves’ disease	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	3	1	3
Guillain–Barré syndrome	0	0	0	0	1	3	4	6	15	25	20	34
Idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis	0	1	3	6	22	39	275	487	617	1035	917	1568
Inflammatory bowel disease	0	0	7	8	16	35	67	144	174	334	264	521
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus	2	2	22	44	24	61	79	260	111	414	238	781
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	2
Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple sclerosis	0	0	8	14	199	268	319	495	138	235	664	1012
Myasthenia gravis	1	1	0	3	2	4	4	7	29	45	36	60
Myocarditis	11	12	16	20	25	53	30	127	40	307	122	519
Pernicious anemia	0	0	0	2	0	1	1	10	24	108	25	121
Polyendocrine syndromes	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1
Primary biliary cirrhosis	0	0	0	1	7	9	47	81	57	90	111	181
Psoriasis	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	5	9	26	11	32
Relapsing polychondritis	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1
Rheumatic fever/heart disease	0	0	4	5	27	48	252	445	552	1207	835	1705
Rheumatoid arthritis	0	0	1	2	14	34	197	636	489	1310	701	1982
Scleroderma/systemic sclerosis	1	1	3	4	8	14	60	91	34	62	106	172
Sjögren's disease	0	0	0	0	0	1	3	11	2	9	5	21
Systemic lupus erythematosus	2	2	11	14	19	31	29	53	11	23	72	123
Thyroiditis	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	2	0	2	1	5
Uveitis	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vasculitis	0	0	2	2	4	5	24	42	31	49	61	98
Vitiligo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Unspecified autoimmune disease	0	0	1	3	6	11	7	12	7	14	21	40
Total deathsb	17	20	81	128	385	625	1450	2938	2487	5560	4420	9271

^aSeven females aged ≤ 1 year and 3 females with no International Classification of Diseases codes on their death certificates were excluded from the analyses.

^bIn total, 316 females had 2 autoimmune disorders listed on their death certificates, and 7 females had 3 disorders listed; hence, column totals are less than the sum of the counts for individual autoimmune disorders.