TABLE 2.
Leading Underlying Causes of Mortality Among Females Aged 1 Year or Older: England and Wales, 2003
| Mortality Rankinga | Deaths, No. (%) |
| All females aged ≥ 1 y | |
| 1. Malignant neoplasms | 65 156 (23.0) |
| 2. Ischemic heart disease | 45 012 (15.9) |
| 3. Cerebrovascular diseases | 35 839 (12.7) |
| 4. Influenza and pneumonia | 21 252 (7.5) |
| 5. Dementia and Alzheimer's disease | 13 311 (4.7) |
| 6. Chronic lower respiratory diseases | 13 248 (4.7) |
| 7. Heart failure and complications of ill-defined heart disease (n = 97) | 8 375 (3.0) |
| 8. Diseases of the urinary system (n = 68) | 5 164 (1.8) |
| 9. Accidents | 5 019 (1.8) |
| 10. Autoimmune diseases | 4 420 (1.6) |
| All causes of deathb | 283 236 (100.0) |
| Females aged 1–14 y | |
| 1. Malignant neoplasms | 129 (20.0) |
| 2. Accidents | 87 (13.5) |
| 3. Congenital malformations | 76 (11.8) |
| 4. Homicide and probable homicide | 28 (4.3) |
| 5. Cerebral palsy and other paralytic syndromes | 25 (3.9) |
| 6. Meningitis | 18 (2.8) |
| 7. Autoimmune diseases | 17 (2.6) |
| 7. Epilepsy and status epilepticus | 17 (2.6) |
| 8. Influenza and pneumonia | 15 (2.3) |
| 8. Cardiomyopathy | 15 (2.3) |
| All causes of death | 646 (100.0) |
| Females aged 15–34 y | |
| 1. Malignant neoplasms | 559 (22.4) |
| 2. Accidents | 372 (14.9) |
| 3. Suicide and injury/poisoning of undetermined intent | 291 (11.7) |
| 4. Homicide and probable homicide | 110 (4.4) |
| 5. Congenital malformations | 95 (3.8) |
| 6. Mental/behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use | 93 (3.7) |
| 7. Autoimmune diseases | 81 (3.3) |
| 8. Cirrhosis and other diseases of the liver (n = 1) | 74 (3.0) |
| 8. Cerebrovascular diseases | 74 (3.0) |
| 9. Epilepsy and status epilepticus | 62 (2.5) |
| All causes of death | 2 491 (100.0) |
| Females aged 35–54 y | |
| 1. Malignant neoplasms | 5 791 (46.6) |
| 2. Cirrhosis and other diseases of the liver (n = 7) | 866 (7.0) |
| 3. Ischemic heart disease | 760 (6.1) |
| 4. Cerebrovascular diseases | 706 (5.9) |
| 5. Suicide and injury/poisoning of undetermined intent | 486 (3.9) |
| 6. Accidents | 459 (3.7) |
| 7. Autoimmune diseases | 385 (3.1) |
| 8. Chronic lower respiratory diseases | 295 (2.4) |
| 9. Influenza and pneumonia | 240 (1.9) |
| 10. Epilepsy and status epilepticus | 125 (1.0) |
| All causes of death | 12 438 (100.0) |
| Females aged 55–74 y | |
| 1. Malignant neoplasms | 24 449 (42.9) |
| 2. Ischemic heart disease | 8 143 (14.3) |
| 3. Cerebrovascular diseases | 4 202 (7.4) |
| 4. Chronic lower respiratory diseases | 3 950 (6.9) |
| 5. Influenza and pneumonia | 1 587 (2.8) |
| 6. Autoimmune diseases | 1 450 (2.6) |
| 7. Cirrhosis and other diseases of the liver (n = 49) | 1 072 (1.9) |
| 8. Diabetes (n = 79) | 776 (1.4) |
| 9. Dementia and Alzheimer's disease | 683 (1.2) |
| 10. Aortic aneurysm and dissection | 665 (1.2) |
| All causes of death | 57 001 (100.0) |
a
Numbers in parentheses are the number of autoimmune deaths included in the specific cause-of-death category.
b
Only the top 10 causes of death are listed, so the individual percentages will not total to 100%.