TABLE 3.
Leading Underlying or Contributory Causes of Mortality Among Females Aged 1 Year or Older: England and Wales, 2003
| Mortality Rankinga | Deaths, No. (%) |
| All females aged ≥ 1 y | |
| 1. Malignant neoplasms | 71 213 (25.1) |
| 2. Influenza and pneumonia | 62 788 (22.2) |
| 3. Ischemic heart disease | 60 693 (21.4) |
| 4. Cerebrovascular diseases | 46 555 (16.4) |
| 5. Heart failure and complications of ill-defined heart disease (n = 483) | 35 359 (12.5) |
| 6. Dementia and Alzheimer's disease | 26 214 (9.2) |
| 7. Chronic lower respiratory diseases | 20 455 (7.2) |
| 8. Diseases of the urinary system (n = 162) | 17 982 (6.4) |
| 9. Hypertensive diseases | 14 353 (5.1) |
| 10. Diabetes (n = 781) | 13 497 (4.8) |
| 11. Septicemia | 11 686 (4.1) |
| 12. Autoimmune diseases | 9 271 (3.4) |
| Females aged 1–14 y | |
| 1. Malignant neoplasms | 137 (21.2) |
| 2. Congenital malformations | 103 (15.9) |
| 3. Accidents | 100 (15.5) |
| 4. Influenza and pneumonia | 89 (13.8) |
| 5. Cerebral palsy and other paralytic syndromes | 44 (6.8) |
| 6. Septicemia | 39 (6.0) |
| 7. Epilepsy and status epilepticus | 38 (5.9) |
| 8. Respiratory failure | 34 (5.3) |
| 9. Homicide and probable homicide | 28 (4.3) |
| 10. Heart failure and complications of ill-defined heart disease (n = 6) | 25 (3.9) |
| 11. Cerebrovascular diseases | 24 (3.7) |
| 12. Meningitis | 21 (3.1) |
| 13. Autoimmune diseases | 20 (3.1) |
| Females aged 15–34 y | |
| 1. Malignant neoplasms | 569 (22.8) |
| 2. Accidents | 471 (18.9) |
| 3. Suicide | 292 (11.7) |
| 4. Influenza and pneumonia | 198 (8.0) |
| 5. Mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use | 144 (5.8) |
| 6. Congenital malformations | 135 (5.4) |
| 7. Autoimmune diseases | 128 (5.2) |
| 8. Septicemia | 122 (4.9) |
| 9. Homicide and probable homicide | 115 (4.6) |
| 10. Cirrhosis and other diseases of the liver (n = 2) | 112 (4.5) |
| Females aged 35–54 y | |
| 1. Malignant neoplasms | 5 958 (47.9) |
| 2. Cirrhosis and other diseases of the liver (n = 9) | 1 196 (9.6) |
| 3. Influenza and pneumonia | 1 171 (9.4) |
| 4. Ischemic heart disease | 932 (7.5) |
| 5. Cerebrovascular diseases | 876 (7.0) |
| 6. Autoimmune diseases | 625 (5.0) |
| 7. Accidents | 579 (4.7) |
| 8. Septicemia | 528 (4.3) |
| 9. Suicide | 486 (3.9) |
| 9. Heart failure and complications of ill-defined heart disease (n = 39) | 486 (3.9) |
| Females aged 55–74 y | |
| 1. Malignant neoplasms | 25 785 (45.2) |
| 2. Ischemic heart disease | 10 970 (19.3) |
| 3. Influenza and pneumonia | 7 769 (13.6) |
| 4. Chronic lower respiratory diseases | 5 986 (10.5) |
| 5. Cerebrovascular diseases | 5 862 (10.3) |
| 6. Heart failure and complications of ill-defined heart disease (n = 119) | 4 748 (8.3) |
| 7. Diabetes (n = 260) | 3 364 (5.9) |
| 8. Diseases of the urinary system (n = 57) | 3 291 (5.8) |
| 9. Autoimmune diseases | 2 938 (5.2) |
| 10. Hypertensive diseases | 2 757 (4.8) |
a
Numbers in parentheses are the number of autoimmune deaths included in the specific cause-of-death category.