Table 5.
Relative risk (and 95% confidence interval) of endometrial and ovarian cancers by quintile of calorie-adjusted acrylamide intake additionally adjusting for high-acrylamide foods, 1980–2006
| Quintile of calorie-adjusted acrylamide intake |
p-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 (low) | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 (high) | for trend | |
| ENDOMETRIAL CANCER | ||||||
| Num. cases | 88 | 100 | 106 | 102 | 88 | |
| Person-years | 277,776 | 277,073 | 276,839 | 277,409 | 277,789 | |
| Multivariable RR† | 1.00 | 1.12 (0.83–1.50) | 1.31 (0.97–1.77) | 1.35 (0.99–1.84) | 1.41 (1.01–1.97) | 0.03 |
| MV RR + coffee§ | 1.00 | 1.08 (0.80–1.46) | 1.26 (0.93–1.72) | 1.31 (0.95–1.80) | 1.37 (0.97–1.94) | 0.05 |
| MV RR + cereal§ | 1.00 | 1.09 (0.81–1.47) | 1.27 (0.94–1.72) | 1.31 (0.95–1.79) | 1.37 (0.98–1.93) | 0.05 |
| MV RR + French fries§ | 1.00 | 1.16 (0.85–1.58) | 1.41 (1.02–1.95) | 1.51 (1.06–2.16) | 1.69 (1.11–2.57) | 0.01 |
| MV RR + potato chips§ | 1.00 | 1.11 (0.82–1.49) | 1.29 (0.94–1.75) | 1.32 (0.95–1.83) | 1.37 (0.95–1.97) | 0.06 |
| OVARIAN CANCER | ||||||
| Num. cases | 87 | 75 | 95 | 81 | 78 | |
| Person-years | 246,187 | 245,523 | 245,327 | 245,667 | 246,155 | |
| Multivariable RR‡ | 1.00 | 0.93 (0.68–1.29) | 1.29 (0.94–1.76) | 1.17 (0.84–1.64) | 1.25 (0.88–1.77) | 0.12 |
| MV RR + coffee§ | 1.00 | 0.93 (0.67–1.29) | 1.29 (0.94–1.78) | 1.18 (0.83–1.65) | 1.24 (0.87–1.78) | 0.15 |
| MV RR + cereal§ | 1.00 | 0.92 (0.67–1.27) | 1.26 (0.92–1.73) | 1.15 (0.82–1.62) | 1.23 (0.86–1.76) | 0.15 |
| MV RR + French fries§ | 1.00 | 0.90 (0.64–1.25) | 1.24 (0.88–1.74) | 1.15 (0.78–1.68) | 1.29 (0.83–1.99) | 0.14 |
| MV RR + potato chips§ | 1.00 | 0.90 (0.65–1.24) | 1.18 (0.85–1.63) | 1.02 (0.72–1.46) | 1.01 (0.69–1.49) | 0.82 |
Endometrial cancer multivariable models adjusted for: age in months, calendar year, smoking (never, past <25 cig/d, past 25+ cig/d, current <25 cig/d, current 25+ cig/d), BMI (<20, 20-<21, 21-<22, 22-<23, 23-<24, 24-<25, 25-<27, 27-<29, 29-<30, 30-<32, 32-<35, 35-<40, 40+), age at menarche (<13, 13, 14+), menopausal status/age at menopause/PMH use (premenopausal, uncertain status, postmenopausal: age at menopause <45, 45–52, or >52 AND PMH use never, former, current <5 years, or current 5+ years), parity (nulliparous, 1–2, 3–4, 5+), oral contraceptive use (never, 0–3 years of use, >3-<5 years, 5+ years of use), high blood pressure (yes/no), diabetes (yes/no), physical activity (<=18 met-h/wk, >18 met-h/wk), caffeine intake (quintiles), energy intake (continuous, kcal/d).
Ovarian cancer multivariable models adjusted for: age in months, calendar year, smoking (see categories for endometrial cancer), BMI (<18.5, 18.5 to <20, 20 to <22.5, 22.5 to <25, 25 to <30, 30+), parity (see categories for endometrial cancer), oral contraceptive use (see categories for endometrial cancer), menopausal status and PMH use (premenopausal, uncertain status, postmenopausal and never used PMH, postmenopausal and former PMH, postmenopausal and current PMH use), tubal ligation (yes/no), physical activity (<=18 met-h/wk, >18 met-h/wk), caffeine intake (quintiles), energy intake (continuous, kcal/d).
Adjusted as in multivariable model and additionally adjusted for intake of given food in quintiles (for acrylamide quintile analysis) or as a continuous variable using the median intake for each quintile (for acrylamide p-value for trend analysis).