Table 5.
Miscellaneous
| Cell signaling agent | Organ or action | Reference |
| (1) NF-E2 | HO-1 gene expression | 91 |
| (2) Kinase | Reduces oxidation of human retinal pigment epithelial cells | 92 |
| (3) AMPK | Antidiabetic | 93 |
| (4) Nrf2 | Cigarette smoke-mediated OS | 94 |
| (5) SIRT1 and AMP kinase | Human alcoholic liver disease | 95 |
| (6) Ras | Stimultes sirtuins and extends life ras | 96 |
| (7) Caspase-3 | Inhibits IL-1β-induced stimulation | 97 |
| (8) 3-Kinase/Akt | Inhibition of phosphor-inositide-dependent kinase-1 activity | 98 |
| (9) NFκB | Stimulates cytokines IL-6-1β and NFκB | 99 |
| (10) P13K | Inhibition | 100 |
| (11) AMP kinase | Stimulate AMPK in neurons | 101 |
| (12) NFκB and AP-1 | Activate and regulate gene expression | 67 |
| (13) MAPK | Activate through estrogen receptors | 102 |
| (14) NFκB, STAT3, HIF-1α | Activate transcription factors | 45 |