Table 2.
Summary of In Vitro Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Bladder Cell Phenotype by Coculture or Conditioned Medium
| |
Smooth muscle-specific marker expressiona |
Urothelial-specific marker expression |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Culture conditions | α-SMA | Calponin | Desmin | Myosin | Cell contraction | Up-Ia | AE1/AE3 |
| BMSC: SMC or UC-CMa/coculture | +++ | ++++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ |
| BMSCs nontreated (−) control | ++++ | ++ | −/+ | −/+ | −/+ | −/+ | −/+ |
| Bladder SMCs (+) control | ++++ | ++++ | ++++ | ++++ | ++++ | ND | |
| Bladder UC (+) control | ND | ++++ | ++++ | ||||
a
Using only smooth muscle cell (SMC)-conditioned medium (CM).
α-SMA, alpha-smooth muscle actin; BMSCs, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; UCs, urothelial cells; AE1/AE3, antibodies against cytokeratins; ND, not done.