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. 2010 Aug 19;285(42):32378–32384. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.136895

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2.

Biological responses induced by titanium particles with adherent LTA. Control stimuli included the supernatant obtained by centrifuging the titanium particles with adherent LTA. A, TNFα protein secretion was measured in cultures of RAW264.7 cells. The results (means ± S.E. of three experiments) are presented as percentages of TNFα protein secretion following stimulation with soluble LTA (S. aureus, 2 μg/ml). The asterisks denote p < 0.001 compared with groups without asterisks. B, TNFα mRNA expression was measured in bone marrow macrophages isolated from wild type mice, TLR2−/− mice, TLR4−/− mice, or double knock-out mice lacking both TLR2 and TLR4. The results (means ± S.E. of three experiments) are presented as percentages of TNFα expression following stimulation with titanium particles with adherent LTA. The asterisks denote p < 0.001 compared with groups without asterisks. Ti, titanium; wt, wild type; KO, knock-out; adh, adherent; “endo-free”, endotoxin-free.