Table 1.
Variables related to pattern-identification.
| Overweight | Body Mass Index >23 (kg/m2) |
| Insomnia | Inability to sleep or abnormal wakefulness |
| Fatigue | Lack of strength |
| Pale complexion | A white complexion with a hint of blue or gray, oftern caused by yang collapse or exuberance of cold |
| Yellow complexion | Yellow discoloration of the face, generally suggesting accumulation of dampness |
| Reddened complexion | A complexion redder than normal, indicating the presence of heat |
| Darkish complexion | Dark discoloration of the face, often occurring in cold syndrome, water retention, or blood stasis |
| Flushed cheeks | Localized flush in the cheeks, indicating yin deficiency |
| Headache | Pain in the head |
| Eye congestion | Congestion in eyeballs indicating presence of heat |
| Eyeball dryness | Subjective feeling of dryness in the eyeballs |
| Phlegm rale | An abnormal breathing sound by phlegm in the airways |
| Faint low voice | A voice that is faint and low, scarcely audible |
| Tongue sore | Ulceration in the oral cavity or tongue |
| Halitosis | Bad smell from the mouth |
| Thirst | Feeling of dryness of the mouth with a desire to drink |
| Bitter taste in the mouth | A subjective bitter sensation in the mouth |
| Profuse sweating | Excessive sweating not related to a hot environment, physical exertion, or taking diaphoretics |
| Night sweating | Sweating during sleep that ceases on awakening |
| Chest discomfort | Unwell feeling of stuffiness and fullness in the chest |
| Nausea | An unpleasant sensation with an urge to vomit |
| Borborigmus | A rumbling sound made by the movement of gas in the intestines |
| Aversion to heat | Strong dislike of heat, also known as heat intolerance |
| Afternoon tidal fever | Fever more marked in the afternoon |
| Heat in the palms and soles | Subjective feverish feeling in the palms and soles |
| Vexing heat in the extremities | Uncomfortable heat sensation in the extremities |
| Reversal cold of the extremities | Pronounced cold in the extremities up to the knees and elbows, also the same as cold extremities |
| Frequent urination | Increased frequency of urination |
| Reddish yellow urine | Dark yellow or even reddish urine, indicating heat |
| Constipation | Hardened feces difficult to evacuate |
| Pale tongue | A tongue less red than normal, indicating Qi and blood deficiency |
| Pale red tongue | A tongue of normal color |
| Red tongue | A tongue redder than normal, indicating the presence of heat |
| Bluish purple tongue | A cyanotic tongue, indicating blood stasis or heat |
| White fur | A tongue coating white in color |
| Yellow fur | A tongue coating yellow in color |
| Thick fur | A tongue coating where the underlying tongue surface is not visible |
| Dry fur | A tongue coating that looks dry and feels dry to the touch |
| Teeth marked tongue | A tongue with dental indentations on its margin |
| Enlarged tongue | A tongue that is larger than normal, pale in color and delicate |
| Spotted tongue | A tongue with red, white or black spots |
| Mirror tongue | A completely smooth tongue free of coating, like a mirror |
| Floating pulse | A superficially located pulse which can be felt by light touch and grows faint on hard pressure |
| Deep pulse | A deeply located pulse which can only be felt when pressing hard |
| Slow pulse | Bradycardia |
| Rapid pulse | Tachycardia |
| Strong pulse | A general term for strongly beating pulse |
| Vacuous pulse | A general term for a feeble and void pulse |
| Thin pulse | A pulse as thin as a silk thread, straight and soft, feeble yet always perceptible upon hard pressure |
| Slippery pulse | A pulse coming and going smoothly like beads rolling on a plate |
| Rough pulse | A pulse coming and going unsmoothly with small, fine, slow joggling tempo like scraping bamboo with a knife |
| Flooding pulse | A pulse beating like dashing waves with forceful rising and gradual decline |