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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Oct 10.
Published in final edited form as: Brain Res. 2009 Feb 3;1263:143–154. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.01.040

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

ñ TNF-α treatment of spinal organotypic cultures is sufficient to induce downregulation of astrocyte mediated glutamate transport. (A, B) GLT-1 protein expression in TNF-α-treated spinal organotypic cultures at the indicated time points. Protein expression is normalized to untreated cultures. Ponceau S staining of the membrane prior to Western blotting serves as loading control (LC). Treatment of spinal organotypic cultures results in a change in GLT-1 protein expression through time (p <0.05) and is significantly increased at 6 and 12 h and decreased at 24 h post (p <0.05). (C) Transport of radiolabeled glutamate by membrane preparations generated from TNF-α-treated cultures. Glutamate uptake is significantly reduced at 24 h post TNF-α treatment (p <0.05).