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Colorectal responses to vagal stimulation (a). Vagus efferent stimulation elicited significant contractions in the entire colon, which could be antagonized by atropine administration. MI changes in response to the vagal stimulation (b). ANOVA for repeated measures (p<0.001, F=12.09, r2=0.3482) followed by posthoc Bonferroni test compared to pre-stimulation (n=6, *P<0.05, **P<0.01). PC: proximal colon, MC: mid colon, DC: distal colon, R: rectum.
