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. 2010 Oct 11;5(10):e13305. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013305

Figure 1. RA inhibits differentiation of osteoclast progenitors.

Figure 1

TRAP activity in medium in RAW264.7 cells incubated with RANKL (RL, 100 ng/ml) with various concentrations of RA (A), or in the presence or absence of 4 nM of RA or 8 nM of RAR pan-antagonist (AGN) (B, C) on bone slices or plastic for 7 days was measured as described in materials and methods. Human CD14+ blood monocytes were incubated with M-CSF (M, 25 ng/ml), RANKL (RL, 25 ng/ml) and various concentrations of RA (D), or in the presence or absence of 4 nM RA or 8 nM AGN on bone slices for 14 days or on plastic for 10 days (E–G). Release of TRAP activity in the culture medium was determined using an adapted Sigma protocol (A, B, D, E). The TRAP staining was carried out using the Acid Phosphatase Leukocyte (TRAP) kit (C, F). CTX was determined by CrossLaps ELISA kit (G). Each data point represents the average ± SD of triplicate wells. Similar results were obtained in more than three independent experiments. NS means non-significant difference. A, D, compared with RL group. * P<0.05, *** P<0.001.