FIG. 7.

ESEV PBM of NS1 reduces apoptosis during infection. (A) HeLa cells were infected with the indicated influenza viruses at an MOI of 5, and cells were fixed at 12 and 24 h postinfection. The percentages of apoptotic cells in two fields of at least 250 cells were quantified by a TUNEL assay. Error bars indicate standard deviations from four independent experiments (*, P < 0.05 by Student's t test). (). Cultures of HeLa cells were infected with the ESEV or ESEA virus at an MOI of 5, and cell extracts were prepared at 6 h postinfection. Cleavage of PARP-1 was evaluated in an immunoblot, and β-actin was used as a loading control. Quantitation of the immunoblot indicated that approximately 19% or 31% of full-length PARP-1 was cleaved in infection with the ESEV or ESEA virus, respectively. (C) HeLa cells were transfected with the indicated siRNAs and, 48 h later, infected with the indicated viruses at an MOI of 5. The percentages of apoptotic cells in random fields of at least 250 cells were quantified by a TUNEL assay. Error bars indicate standard deviations from four independent experiments (**, P < 0.05 by Student's t test). An immunoblot verified that the siRNAs were effective in Scribble depletions.