Table 1.
Covariation of lifetime psychopathologya and lifetime alcohol dependence: U.S. adults 18 years of age and older, by sex
| Type of lifetime psychopathologya | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neither internalizing nor externalizing (NINE) (n=30,189) | Internalizing only (IO) (n=10,771) | Externalizing only (EO) (n=737) | Both internalizing and externalizing (BIE) (n=1,396) | |
| % SE | % SE | % SE | % SE | |
| Prevalence of selected types of psychopathology in the total population | ||||
| Male (n=18,518) | 74.7 (0.6) | 17.7 (0.4) | 3.1 (0.2) | 4.5 (0.2) |
| Female (n=24,575) | 65.4 (0.7) | 31.3 (0.7) | 0.7 (0.1) | 2.6 (0.1) |
| p-value gender diff. | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 |
| Prevalence of selected types of psychopathology among lifetime alcoholics | ||||
| Male (n=2,974) | 47.6 (1.1) b | 27.1 (0.9) b | 8.6 (0.6) b | 16.7 (0.9) b |
| Female (n=1,807) | 29.0 (1.3) b | 50.8 (1.4) b | 3.5 (0.5) b | 16.7 (1.0) b |
| p-value gender diff. | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | .966 |
| Prevalence of lifetime alcohol dependence by type of psychopathology | ||||
| Male | 11.1 (0.4) | 26.5 (1.0) | 48.1 (2.4) | 64.2 (2.1) |
| Female | 3.5 (0.2) | 12.9 (0.5) | 39.5 (4.6) | 51.4 (2.6) |
| p-value gender diff. | <.001 | <.001 | .109 | <.001 |
Note: Figures in parentheses are standard errors of percentages. Shaded cells indicate percentages that are significantly different (p<.05) for males and females.
a
Internalizing = major depressive disorder, bipolar 1 or 2 disorder, dysthymia, panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, specific and social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder; externalizing = illicit drug dependence, ASPD
b
Significantly different (p<.001) than comparable percentage in the total population