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Ethidium influx into S. Typhimurium mutant strains. Ethidium influx into the wild-type and pmrA, pmrE, pagL, pmrA pagL, and pmrE pagL mutant strains was monitored for 120 s after the addition of ethidium to the cell suspension, and a representative set of assays is shown. The influx rates (increased fluorescence per second) from 30 to 90 s are shown in parentheses (average ± standard deviation of triplicate results). *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01 (Student's t test).
