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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Oct 13.
Published in final edited form as: Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2009;(192):29–60. doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-69248-5_2

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

Quantitative scheme of nicotine metabolism, based on estimates of average excretion of metabolites as percent of total urinary nicotine. Reprinted with permission from Hukkanen et al. 2005c