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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2010 Dec;24(4):871–884. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2010.07.006

Table 2.

Risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma

• Liver flukes (clonorchis sinensis, opistorchis viverrini)
• Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
• Choledochal cysts
• Viral hepatitis B and C
• HIV
• Cirrhosis
• Hepatolithiasis
• Toxins
• Lynch syndrome
• Diabetes
• Obesity