Table 2.

Parameter Estimates With Direct Acculturation Group Membership Effects on Two Positive Affect Items and Indices of Model Fit for MIMIC Models for Korean Americans

	Comparison 4
Variable	Hopeful	Happy
γ1.1 Estimated direct effect of acculturation group membership	.29***	.15*
Effect of covariates on latent trait of depression
γ0.1 Acculturation group membership	.30***	.30***
γ0.2 Age	−.04	−.03
γ0.3 Sex	−.03	−.03
γ0.4 Marital status	.13	.13
γ0.3 Education	.00	.00
Fit indices
χ2 (61)	138.24	151.71
CFI	.89	.87
RMSEA	.08	.09
SRMR	.06	.06

Notes: Comparison 4 = less acculturated Korean Americans compared with highly acculturated Korean Americans. CFI = comparative fit index; MIMIC = Multiple Indicator Multiple Cause; RMSEA = root mean square error of approximation; SRMR = standardized root-mean-square residual.

*p < .05; ***p < .001.