TABLE 3.
Mean differences in slopes of cognitive decline over 3 interviews by quintiles of total ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) scores1
| Quintile 1 | Quintile 2 | Quintile 3 | Quintile 4 | Quintile 5 | P for trend2 | |
| n | 3202 | 3202 | 3202 | 3202 | 3202 | |
| FRAP score (mmol/d)3 | 8.1 (7.0–8.9) | 10.6 (10.1–11.1) | 12.5 (12.0–13.0) | 14.9 (14.2–15.7) | 19.5 (17.8–22.6) | |
| TICS | ||||||
| Model 14 | 0.005 | 0.00 (−0.04, 0.04)6 | 0.02 (−0.02, 0.06) | 0.01 (−0.03, 0.05) | −0.02 (−0.06, 0.02) | 0.3 |
| Model 27 | 0.00 | 0.00 (−0.04, 0.04) | 0.01 (−0.03, 0.05) | 0.00 (−0.04, 0.04) | −0.02 (−0.06, 0.02) | 0.2 |
| Global | ||||||
| Model 14 | 0.00 | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) | 0.3 |
| Model 27 | 0.00 | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.00) | 0.3 |
| Verbal | ||||||
| Model 14 | 0.00 | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) | −0.01 (−0.02, 0.00) | 0.2 |
| Model 27 | 0.00 | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) | −0.01 (−0.02, 0.00) | 0.2 |
TICS, Telephone Interview of Cognitive Status. Total FRAP scores were averaged from 1980 until the initial cognitive interview. Results were obtained from multivariable-adjusted mixed linear regression models that included terms for continuous time, exposure, and covariates and interaction terms for exposure and each covariate with continuous time.
Calculated in separate multivariable-adjusted linear regression models by using the median intake of each quintile as a continuous variable.
All values are medians; interquartile ranges in parentheses.
Adjusted for age (continuous) and education (registered nurse, bachelor's degree, and graduate degree).
Mean difference (all such values); reference.
Mean difference; 95% CI in parentheses (all such values).
Adjusted for age, education, antidepressant use (yes or no), smoking (never, former, or current), physical activity (in quintiles, missing), BMI (in kg/m2; <22, 22–24, 25–29, ≥30, or missing), high blood pressure (yes or no), myocardial infarction (yes or no), and type 2 diabetes (yes or no).