Table 3.
Characteristics of community-dwelling patients.
| Characteristic | All community-dwelling (n = 769) |
Community-dwelling who fell outdoors (n = 170) |
Community-dwelling who fell indoors (n = 599) |
p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, mean (range) | 84.3 (65-100) | 82.7 (66-100) | 84.8 (65-100) | 0.001 | |
| Gender, n (%) female | 584 (75.9) | 110 (64.7) | 474 (79.1) | < 0.001 | |
| ASA score, n (%) ≥3 | 368 (47.9) | 52 (30.6) | 316 (52.8) | < 0.001 | |
| BMI, n (%) < 20 kg/m2 (n = 520) 1 | 129 (24.8) | 24 (19.4) | 105(26.5) | 0.11 | |
| Barthel Index pre-fracture < 19, n (%) (n = 493)2 | 203 (41.2) | 23 (22.3) | 180 (46.2) | < 0.001 | |
| Barthel Index at discharge < 19, n (%) (n = 316)3 |
265 (83.9) | 40 (59.7) | 225 (90.4) | < 0.001 | |
| IQCODE-SF > 3.6, n (%) (n = 511)4 | 192 (37.6) | 22 (20.0) | 170 (42.4) | < 0.001 | |
| Chronic medical disorders (from patient's records), n (%) | |||||
| Dementia | 160 (20.8) | 16 (9.4) | 144 (24.0) | < 0.001 | |
| Pulmonary disease | 107 (13.9) | 17 (10.0) | 90 (15.0) | 0.10 | |
| Major vision impairment | 81 (10.5) | 12 (7.1) | 69 (11.5) | 0.09 | |
| Major hearing impairment | 73 (9.5) | 15 (8.8) | 58 (9.7) | 0.73 | |
| Musculoskeletal disorder | 70 (9.1) | 20 (11.8) | 50 (8.3) | 0.17 | |
| Endocrine disorder (other than diabetes) | 67 (8.7) | 15 (8.8) | 52 (8.7) | 0.95 | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 60 (7.8) | 9 (5.3) | 51 (8.5) | 0.17 | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 56 (7.3) | 8 (4.7) | 48 (8.0) | 0.14 | |
| Psychiatric disorder | 54 (7.0) | 6 (3.5) | 48 (8.0) | 0.043 | |
| Osteoporosis with previous fracture | 51 (6.6) | 7 (4.1) | 44 (7.3) | 0.14 | |
| Neurologic disorder | 44 (5.7) | 8 (4.7) | 36 (6.0) | 0.52 | |
| Cancer | 42 (5.5) | 9 (5.3) | 33 (5.5) | 0.91 | |
| Renal failure | 22 (2.9) | 5 (2.9) | 17 (2.8) | 0.94 | |
| Type of medical complication observed during the stay, n (%) | |||||
| Need for blood transfusion | 207 (26.9) | 34 (20.0) | 173 (28.9) | 0.021 | |
| Delirium (positive CAM) | 169 (22.0) | 31 (18.2) | 138 (23.0) | 0.18 | |
| Urinary tract infection | 161 (20.9) | 19 (11.2) | 142 (23.7) | < 0.001 | |
| Pneumonia | 88 (11.4) | 12 (7.1) | 76 (12.7) | 0.042 | |
| Fall | 59 (7.7) | 12 (7.1) | 47 (7.8) | 0.73 | |
| Cardiac complications (myocardial infarction, hearth failure, atrial fibrillation) | 49 (6.4) | 11 (6.5) | 38 (6.3) | 0.95 | |
| Postoperative wound infection | 26 (3.4) | 6 (3.5) | 20 (3.3) | 0.90 | |
| Haematoma | 17 (2.2) | 2 (1.2) | 15 (2.5) | 0.39 | |
| Bedsore | 11 (1.4) | 1 (0.6) | 10 (1.7) | 0.47 | |
Outdoor and indoor falls
1 BMI was registered in 124 outdoor-fallers and 396 indoor-fallers
2 Barthel Index pre-fracture was registered in 103 outdoor-fallers and 390 indoor-fallers
3 Barthel Index at discharge was registered in 67 outdoor-fallers and 225 indoor-fallers
4 IQCODE-SF was registered in 110 outdoor-fallers and 401 indoor-fallers