Fig. 1.

Labor income per capita across household age, relative to the national mean (A), and household expenditure shares on four categories of goods (B) in the initial year of the simulations. Results are shown for national data used to characterize model regions. In the PET model, labor income data are used in the specification of exogenous labor supply, and expenditure shares are used in the calibration of household consumption preference parameters (in both cases, for household types defined by age, size, and urban/rural residence; SI Text).