TABLE 1.

Human IDILI-Associated Drugs for which Interaction with an Inflammagen Precipitates Liver Injury in Animals

Drug	Pharmacologic class	Inflammagen	TLR activated	Reference
Diclofenac	NSAID	LPS	4	Deng et al. (2006)
Sulindac	NSAID	LPS	4	Zou et al. (2009)
Halothane	Volatile	Poly I:C	3	Cheng et al. (2009)
	Anesthetic	LPS	4	Dugan et al. (2010)
Chlorpromazine	Antipsychotic	LPS	4	Buchweitz et al. (2002)
TVX	Antibiotic	LPS	4	Waring et al. (2006); Shaw et al. (2007)
		PGN/LTA	2	Shaw et al. (2009d)
		TNF	—	Shaw et al. (2009e)
Ranitidine	H2 blocker	LPS	4	Luyendyk et al. (2003)
Amiodarone	Antiarrhythmic	LPS	4	Lu et al. (2010)

Note. Drugs that cause IDILI in humans and that synergize with an inflammagen to precipitate liver injury in rodents are listed. Inflammagens: LPS (gram-negative bacterial stimulus); PGN/LTA, peptidoglycan/lipoteichoic acid (gram-positive bacterial stimulus); poly I:C, polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (viral double-stranded RNA mimic). NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.