Table 1.
Chemical compositions of Daucus crinitus Desf. essential oils from Algeria
| No.a | Components£ | lRIab | RIac | RIpd | Rootse | Leavese | Stemse | Umbelse | Flowerse | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | C | D | A | B | C | D | A | B | C | D | A | B | C | D | A | B | C | D | |||||
| 1 | Nonane | 906 | 902 | 907 | 0.9 | 0.8 | - | - | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | tr | tr | tr | - | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.3 | - | - | 0.1 | tr |
| 2 | α- Pinene | 936 | 931 | 1015 | - | - | - | - | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.1 | - | - | tr | tr | - | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.5 |
| 3 | Sabinene | 973 | 966 | 1107 | - | - | - | - | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.1 | tr | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.2 |
| 4 | β-Pinene * | 978 | 971 | 1124 | - | - | - | - | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.1 | tr | 0.1 | 0.3 | 1 | 1.5 |
| 5 | Myrcene | 987 | 981 | 1141 | - | - | - | - | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.5 | - | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.1 | tr | tr |
| 6 | Decane | 993 | 998 | 999 | 0.1 | 0.1 | - | - | tr | tr | tr | tr | 0.1 | tr | 0.1 | 0.1 | tr | 0.1 | tr | tr | tr | 0.1 | 0.1 | tr |
| 7 | p-Cymene | 1015 | 1012 | 1247 | - | - | - | - | 0.2 | 0.1 | - | - | 0.1 | 0.1 | 6 | 4.2 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.3 | tr | - | - | - | - |
| 8 | 1,8-Cineole * | 1024 | 1020 | 1199 | - | - | - | - | 0.1 | 0.1 | tr | tr | tr | - | 0.1 | - | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | tr | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.6 |
| 9 | Limonene | 1025 | 1026 | 1190 | - | - | - | - | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.3 | - | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 1.9 | 2.6 | - | - | - | - |
| 10 | (E)-β-Ocimene | 1041 | 1037 | 1224 | - | - | - | - | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.2 | - | 0.1 | tr | 1.1 | 1.6 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | tr | - | - | - | - |
| 11 | γ-Terpinene | 1051 | 1049 | 1228 | - | - | - | - | 1.6 | 0.8 | 0.1 | - | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | tr | - | - | - | - |
| 12 | 1-Octanol | 1061 | 1056 | 1390 | - | - | - | - | tr | tr | tr | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | tr | 0,2 | 0,2 | 0,1 | 0,1 | tr | tr | - | - | |
| 13 | 2-Methyl-decane | 1068 | 1065 | 1146 | 0.1 | 0.4 | - | - | tr | tr | 0.1 | 0.3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 14 | Nonanal | 1076 | 1074 | 1403 | - | - | - | - | - | 0,2 | tr | - | tr | 0,1 | 0,2 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | - | - | - | - |
| 15 | α-Terpinolene | 1082 | 1079 | 1274 | - | - | - | - | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.1 | - | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
| 16 | Linalool * | 1086 | 1086 | 1528 | - | - | - | - | 0.2 | 0.1 | tr | - | tr | tr | tr | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | tr | tr | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| 17 | Undecane | 1100 | 1098 | 1101 | 34.1 | 30.9 | 14.4 | 15.3 | 4.1 | 5.1 | 4.5 | 14.2 | tr | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
| 18 | 2-Ethyl hexyl acetate * | 1144 | 1149 | 1420 | - | - | - | - | tr | tr | 0.1 | tr | 0.1 | tr | 0.2 | 0.1 | - | - | tr | 0.1 | - | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.5 |
| 19 | Terpinen 4-ol | 1164 | 1161 | 1586 | - | - | - | - | 0.1 | 0.1 | tr | - | tr | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | tr | - | - | - | tr |
| 20 | Octyl acetate * | 1188 | 1187 | 1460 | 2.3 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 1.0 | 0.2 | 1.0 | 1.9 | 2.5 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 2.2 | 2.4 | ||||||||
| 21 | Decanal | 1188 | 1187 | 1483 | 0.3 | 0.2 | - | - | 1.4 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 0.1 | tr | 0.1 | 0.3 | 1 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 1.0 | 1.2 | - | - | - | 0.1 |
| 22 | Dodecane | 1200 | 1198 | 1209 | 0,1 | 0,2 | tr | 0,1 | tr | tr | - | - | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,2 | tr | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 23 | Decanol | 1263 | 1259 | 1729 | - | - | tr | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,2 | 0,3 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,2 | 0,1 | 0,1 | - | - | - | - | 0,2 | 0,1 | tr | tr |
| 24 | Nonanoic acid | 1263 | 1263 | 2119 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,2 | 0,1 | - | - | - | - | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 |
| 25 | Undecanal | 1290 | 1280 | 1610 | tr | 0,1 | 0,1 | - | tr | tr | tr | 0,1 | 0,2 | 0,1 | 0,1 | tr | 0,2 | tr | tr | tr | - | - | - | - |
| 26 | Tridecane | 1300 | 1292 | 1305 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 0.1 | tr | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.1 | tr | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | tr |
| 27 | n-Octyl isobutyrate | 1329 | 1325 | 1535 | - | - | - | - | tr | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | - | - | - | - | 0,2 | 0,1 | 0,2 | 0,2 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 |
| 28 | Neryl acetate | 1342 | 1336 | 1730 | - | - | - | tr | - | - | tr | tr | 0,1 | 0,2 | 0,4 | 0,2 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | tr | tr | 0,1 |
| 29 | Decanoic acid | 1347 | 1348 | 2080 | tr | 0,1 | tr | tr | - | - | - | - | - | 0,1 | 0,1 | tr | 0,1 | 0,1 | tr | 0,3 | - | - | - | - |
| 30 | Benzyl 2-methyl butyrate | 1360 | 1352 | 1770 | - | 0,2 | - | tr | tr | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0,1 | 0,2 | 0,1 | 0,1 |
| 31 | Geranyl acetate | 1362 | 1359 | 1759 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0,2 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,2 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,2 |
| 32 | Undecanol * | 1363 | 1367 | 1816 | - | - | - | - | 0.1 | 0.1 | tr | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.1 | tr | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.6 |
| 33 | α-Copaene | 1379 | 1372 | 1470 | - | - | - | - | tr | tr | tr | tr | tr | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| 34 | β-Bourbonene | 1386 | 1376 | 1520 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0,1 | 0,5 | 0,4 | 0,1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 35 | Dodecanal | 1389 | 1390 | 1695 | 16.7 | 24.6 | 25.1 | 26.3 | 3.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 6.7 | 0.5 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 6.1 | 0.1 | tr | 0.1 | tr | - | 0.1 | 0.1 | tr |
| 36 | Tetradecane | 1400 | 1403 | 1408 | - | - | - | - | tr | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,2 | 0,1 | tr | tr | tr | tr | - | - | - | - |
| 37 | Longifolene | 1411 | 1409 | 1575 | - | - | - | - | tr | tr | 0,1 | tr | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | - | - | - | - | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 |
| 38 | α-Santalene | 1422 | 1415 | 1569 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | tr | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,2 | - | - | - | - | tr | tr | tr | tr |
| 39 | β-Caryophylene | 1420 | 1424 | 1555 | - | - | - | - | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.2 | tr | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 5.4 | 3.2 | 3.9 | 5.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | tr | 0.1 |
| 40 | Dauca-3,8-diene | 1428 | 1426 | 1680 | - | - | - | - | tr | tr | tr | 0,1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0,2 | tr | 0,1 | tr |
| 41 | trans-α-Bergamotene | 1432 | 1432 | 1575 | - | - | - | - | 0,1 | 0,1 | tr | tr | 0,1 | 0,3 | 0,1 | tr | - | - | - | tr | 0,2 | tr | 0,1 | 0,1 |
| 42 | (E)-β-Farnesene | 1446 | 1443 | 1660 | - | - | - | - | tr | tr | tr | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,2 | tr | tr | tr | 0,1 | tr | 0,2 | 0,2 | 0,1 | 0,2 |
| 43 | α-Humulene | 1455 | 1451 | 1648 | - | - | - | - | 0.7 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 0.2 | tr | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.3 | tr | 0.1 | tr | 0.2 |
| 44 | Zizaene * | 1456 | 1463 | 1860 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 2.9 | 2.7 | tr | tr | tr | 1.4 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 5.9 | 5.2 | 6.0 | 9.2 | 6.2 | 8.1 | 9.1 | 8.0 |
| 45 | Dodecanol | 1472 | 1470 | 1754 | 0.2 | 0.2 | - | - | tr | tr | 0.1 | tr | tr | tr | 0.1 | tr | tr | 0.1 | 0.1 | tr | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | tr |
| 46 | α-Curcumene | 1473 | 1474 | 1769 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,2 | 0,2 | 0,1 | 0,2 | 0,2 | 0,1 | 0.2 | tr | tr | tr |
| 47 | Germacrene-D | 1479 | 1478 | 1710 | - | - | - | - | tr | tr | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.5 | tr | tr | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | tr | 0.2 | 0.1 | tr | 0.2 |
| 48 | β-Selinene * | 1486 | 1480 | 1685 | - | - | - | - | tr | tr | 0.2 | 0.2 | - | 0.1 | tr | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | tr | tr | 0.1 | tr | 0.1 |
| 49 | Zingiberene | 1489 | 1483 | 1717 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | tr | tr | 0,1 | tr | - | - | - | tr | 0,1 | tr | tr | 0,1 |
| 50 | Pentadecane | 1500 | 1497 | 1502 | - | - | - | - | 5.1 | 3.5 | 4.1 | 2.2 | 3.0 | 6.0 | 12.6 | 14.5 | 8.5 | 9.5 | 10.5 | 15.2 | 4.1 | 6.2 | 7.3 | 10.1 |
| 51 | δ-Cadinene | 1520 | 1514 | 1736 | - | - | - | - | tr | tr | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | tr | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | - | 0.1 | tr | 0.1 |
| 52 | Geranyl butyrate | 1534 | 1530 | 1877 | - | 0,1 | tr | 0,1 | - | - | - | - | tr | 0,1 | 0,2 | 0,2 | - | 0,1 | tr | 0,1 | 0,2 | tr | tr | 0,1 |
| 53 | Isochavicol isobutyrate | 1546 | 1541 | 2134 | - | - | - | - | 44.9 | 35.2 | 35.6 | 25.2 | 84.1 | 57.6 | 41.2 | 36.5 | 51.2 | 50.2 | 50.2 | 40.1 | 65.3 | 55.3 | 58.2 | 62.3 |
| 54 | (Z)-3-Hexenyl benzoate* | 1545 | 1557 | 2059 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | tr |
| 55 | Dodecanoic acid * | 1554 | 1560 | 2474 | 1.9 | 0.3 | - | - | 1.1 | 12.3 | 9.3 | 5.6 | 0.1 | tr | 0.6 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.3 |
| 56 | Caryophyllene oxyde | 1578 | 1572 | 1980 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | tr | tr | tr | tr | tr | tr | 0,1 | 0,1 | - | - | - | - |
| 57 | Dodecyl acetate | 1585 | 1580 | 1882 | 31.7 | 30.3 | 48.2 | 42.3 | 2.5 | 1.5 | 7.2 | 8.9 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 1.9 | 2.3 | tr | 0.1 | tr | 0.1 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.0 |
| 58 | α-Cedrol | 1603 | 1596 | 2115 | - | - | - | - | tr | tr | 0.2 | 0.1 | tr | tr | 0,1 | tr | tr | tr | tr | tr | 0,1 | tr | tr | tr |
| 59 | Hexadecane | 1600 | 1599 | 1598 | - | - | - | - | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,2 | 0,2 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | tr | tr | tr | 0,1 | tr | 0,1 | 0,1 | tr |
| 60 | Isochavicol 2-methyl butyrate | 1651 | 1648 | 2255 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 1.5 | 2.3 | 9.7 | 8.9 | 11.3 | 17.8 | 4.2 | 7.8 | 9.1 | 13.2 | 3.2 | 6.5 | 5.5 | 6.1 | 9.8 | 12.5 | 9.6 | 4.8 |
| 61 | α-Bisabolol * | 1673 | 1667 | 2202 | - | - | - | - | tr | 0.1 | 1.6 | 0.2 | tr | 0.1 | 0.1 | tr | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | tr |
| 62 | Heptadecane | 1700 | 1703 | 1699 | 0.2 | 0.2 | - | - | 3.4 | 2.4 | 6.2 | 2.1 | 0.4 | 6.5 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 5.8 | 4.8 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 2.5 | 1.9 | 2.4 | 1.1 |
| 63 | Benzyl benzoate | 1730 | 1723 | 2121 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,2 | tr | 0,1 | 0,2 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,2 | 0,2 | 0,2 | tr | 0,1 | tr | tr | tr | 0,1 | tr | tr |
| 64 | Tetradecanoic acid * | 1761 | 1756 | 2649 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 1.1 | 2.0 | 3.1 | 4.4 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 2.3 | 2.0 |
| 65 | Lactarazulene * | 1796 | 1792 | 2430 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 2.7 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.1 | tr | tr | 0.8 | tr | 0.1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.1 | tr |
| 66 | Hexadecanal | 1782 | 1787 | 2108 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.6 | tr | 0.2 | 0.1 | tr | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | tr | - | 0.1 | 0.3 | tr |
| 67 | Neophytadiene | 1807 | 1807 | 1918 | - | - | - | - | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.1 | tr | tr | 0.1 | 0.3 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.4 |
| 68 | Phytone * | 1833 | 1835 | 2131 | - | - | - | - | tr | 0.7 | 0.3 | tr | tr | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 69 | Dodecyl pentanoate * | 1843 | 1840 | 2834 | 0.5 | 0.2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| 70 | Isophytol * | 1946 | 1944 | 2316 | - | - | - | tr | tr | 0.6 | 1.1 | tr | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | tr | - | - | - | |
| 71 | Hexadecanoic acid * | 1951 | 1949 | 2916 | 0.6 | - | - | - | 1.1 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.1 | tr | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.2 | - | - | - |
| 72 | (E)-Phytol * | 2114 | 2102 | 2620 | - | - | - | - | 1.7 | 1.9 | 2.5 | 0.7 | 0.2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2.3 | - | - | - |
| Total | 92.2 | 94.2 | 97.4 | 92.4 | 93.2 | 90.9 | 93.8 | 91.9 | 98.3 | 92.5 | 92.4 | 95.1 | 92.7 | 91.4 | 91.1 | 92.3 | 96.9 | 92.3 | 97.5 | 96.6 | ||||
| Hydrocarbon compounds | 37.5 | 34.8 | 20.9 | 18.9 | 21.4 | 17.4 | 20.2 | 22.8 | 7.5 | 19.7 | 28.8 | 29.7 | 33.4 | 29.7 | 30.9 | 40.1 | 15.4 | 19.2 | 23.0 | 23.5 | ||||
| Oxygenated compounds | 54.7 | 59.4 | 76.5 | 73.5 | 71.8 | 73.5 | 76.2 | 69.1 | 90.8 | 72.8 | 63.6 | 65.4 | 59.3 | 61.7 | 60.2 | 52.2 | 81.5 | 73.1 | 74.6 | 73.1 | ||||
| Aliphatic compounds | 88.8 | 89.9 | 90.1 | 87.0 | 28.4 | 37.9 | 39.7 | 44.2 | 6.0 | 19.8 | 28.6 | 33.2 | 19.1 | 19.5 | 18.8 | 26.0 | 10.3 | 13.1 | 16.7 | 19.5 | ||||
| Phenylpropanoid compounds | 2.1 | 2.6 | 1.7 | 2.3 | 54.7 | 44.3 | 47.0 | 43.1 | 88.6 | 65.8 | 50.5 | 49.8 | 54.9 | 57.3 | 56.2 | 46.8 | 75.2 | 68.0 | 68.1 | 64.1 | ||||
| Hydrocarbon non-terpenic compounds | 36,2 | 33.1 | 15.3 | 15.8 | 13.4 | 11.7 | 15.7 | 20.3 | 4.0 | 13.0 | 16.0 | 18.1 | 15.8 | 15.8 | 15.4 | 20.8 | 6.8 | 16.8 | 10.2 | 11.3 | ||||
| Hydrocarbon monoterpenes | - | 1.7 | - | - | 5.5 | 3.3 | 2.0 | - | 2.1 | 2.0 | 9.6 | 8.7 | 4.8 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 2.3 | 2.5 | ||||
| Hydrocarbon sesquiterpenes | 1.3 | - | 5.6 | 3.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 1.4 | 4.7 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 12.8 | 10.2 | 11.7 | 15.3 | 7.7 | 9.0 | 9.7 | 9.3 | ||||
| Hydrocarbon diterpenes | - | - | - | - | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.1 | - | - | 0.1 | 0.3 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.4 | ||||
| Oxygenated non-terpenic compounds | 54,7 | 59.4 | 76.5 | 73.5 | 69.7 | 70.5 | 71.0 | 67.0 | 90.6 | 72.6 | 63.1 | 64.9 | 58.7 | 61.0 | 59.6 | 52.0 | 78.7 | 72.4 | 74.1 | 72.3 | ||||
| Oxygenated monoterpenes | - | - | - | - | 0.4 | 0.3 | - | - | - | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 | - | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.8 | ||||
| Oxygenated sesquiterpenes | - | - | - | - | - | 0.1 | 1.8 | 0.3 | - | 0.1 | 0.1 | - | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | - | ||||
| Oxygenated diterpenes | - | - | - | - | 1.7 | 2.6 | 3.4 | 1.8 | 0.2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2.3 | - | - | - | ||||
a Order of elution is given on apolar column (Rtx-1). The compounds with an asterisk (*) were only identified in the essential oils.
b Retention indices of literature on the apolar column (lRIa) reported from [12-18].
c Retention indices on the apolar Rtx-1 column (RIa).
d Retention indices on the polar Rtx-Wax column (RIp).
e Percentages are given on the apolar column except for components with identical RIa (percentages are given on the polar column), tr = trace (< 0.05%). Sample locations: Bensekrane (A), Sid Abdeli (B), Terni (C) and Beni Snous (D).
£ Compounds identified from commercial data libraries: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1999 (12, 33, 39, 43, 44); and König WA, Hochmuth DH, Joulain D, 2001 (26, 34, 35, 36, 40, 41, 42, 46).