Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics and Selected Univariate Predictors of Switching
| Variable | All patients (N = 648) |
Switchers (n = 191) |
Completers (n = 304) |
p value (switchers vs. completers)1 |
p value (univariate survival comparison)2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), y | 42.9 (12.1) | 42.8 (12.5) | 43.7 (11.8) | 0.404 | 0.724 |
| Female, n (%) | 239 (37%) | 87 (46%) | 106 (35%) | 0.018 | 0.013 |
| Caucasian, n (%) | 352 (54%) | 107 (56%) | 170 (56%) | 0.998 | 0.890 |
| Currently employed, n (%) |
122 (19%) | 36 (19%) | 64 (21%) | 0.568 | 0.903 |
| Illness duration, mean (SD), y | 20.6 (12.2) | 20.6 (12.6) | 21.3 (12.1) | 0.577 | 0.981 |
| Hospitalized, previous year, mo mean (SD) |
0.51 (1.53) | 0.40 (1.25) | 0.49 (1.54) | 0.450 | 0.343 |
| Switch in previous year, n (%) | 85 (13%) | 23 (13%) | 44 (15%) | 0.588 | 0.650 |
| Any antipsychotic previous year, n (%) | 579 (89%) | 165 (86%) | 284 (93%) | 0.011 | 0.095 |
| Substance abuse diagnosis, n (%) | 289 (45%) | 70 (37%) | 135 (44%) | 0.111 | 0.038 |
| Schizoaffective diagnosis, n (%) | 280 (43%) | 80 (42%) | 130 (43%) | 0.852 | 0.795 |
| Ever attempted suicide, n (%) | 235 (38%) | 78 (43%) | 99 (34%) | 0.064 | 0.084 |
| Ever incarcerated, n (%) |
284 (46%) | 71 (38%) | 127 (43%) | 0.295 | 0.075 |
| PANSS total score, mean (SD) | 86.8 (20.0) | 84.5 (18.8) | 87.4 (21.1) | 0.120 | 0.102 |
| PANSS Davis, positive symptoms, mean (SD) | 22.3 (6.3) | 21.9 (5.8) | 22.1 (6.6) | 0.796 | 0.545 |
| PANSS Davis, negative symptoms, mean (SD) | 21.3 (7.0) | 20.4 (6.8) | 21.9 (7.3) | 0.026 | 0.043 |
| PANSS Davis, impulsivity/hostility, mean (SD) | 8.9 (3.6) | 8.9 (3.9) | 8.9 (3.6) | 0.990 | 0.675 |
| PANSS Davis, disorganized thought, mean (SD) | 21.2 (6.0) | 20.7 (5.6) | 21.6 (6.3) | 0.096 | 0.085 |
| PANSS Davis, anxiety/depression, mean (SD) | 13.0 (4.2) | 12.7 (4.0) | 13.0 (4.3) | 0.411 | 0.445 |
| SF-36 Physical component score, mean (SD) | -0.43 (1.04) | -0.43 (1.05) | -0.42 (1.01) | 0.963 | 0.803 |
| SF-36 Mental component score, mean (SD) | -1.08 (1.33) | -1.14 (1.33) | -0.82 (1.28) | 0.009 | 0.106 |
| Barnes Akathisia | 0.24 | 0.20 (0.53) | 0.25 (0.62) | 0.356 | 0.273 |
| item #1, objective, mean (SD) | (0.57) | ||||
| Barnes Akathisia, total score, mean (SD) | 0.99 (1.58) | 0.96 (1.46) | 0.95 (1.67) | 0.954 | 0.813 |
| GAF functioning, current score, mean (SD) | 46.1 (12.9) | 47.2 (13.4) | 47.0 (13.2) | 0.842 | 0.323 |
| Antidepressant Drugs taken (%) | 297 (46%) | 85 (45%) | 212 (46%) | 0.667 | 0.340 |
| Anti-Anxiety Drugs taken (%) |
187 (29%) | 54 (28%) | 133 (29%) | 0.850 | 0.810 |
| Antiparkinsonian Drugs taken (%) |
315 (49%) | 93 (49%) | 222 (49%) | 1.000 | 0.453 |
| Patient weight, mean (SD), kg | 86.7 (20.7) | 86.9 (21.2) | 87.7 (20.4) | 0.706 | 0.947 |
| Body mass index, mean (SD) | 29.7 (6.8) | 30.4 (7.1) | 29.8 (6.9) | 0.426 | 0.229 |
| Patient weight change from baseline to 2 weeks, mean (SD), kg | +0.8 (2.8) | +0.7 (3.2) | +0.8 (2.4) | 0.706 | 0.646 |
| Pre-existing depression, n (%) | 96 (15%) | 36 (19%) | 39 (13%) | 0.073 | 0.056 |
| Pre-existing insomnia, n (%) | 66 (10%) | 26 (14%) | 24 (8%) | 0.047 | 0.030 |
| PANSS Davis anxiety/depression, change from baseline to 2 weeks, mean (SD) | -1.42 (3.47) | -1.19 (3.74) | -1.88 (3.36) | 0.041 | 0.093 |
| Barnes Akathisia objective score, change from baseline to 2 weeks, mean (SD) | -0.04 (0.59) | +0.02 (0.62) | -0.05 (0.57) | 0.193 | 0.058 |
Abbreviations: PANSS, positive and negative syndrome scale; SD, standard deviation; SF-36, Medical Outcomes Study 36-item short form health survey; GAF, global assessment of functioning scale.
1Univariate descriptive statistic comparisons, using unpaired t-tests for numeric data (confirming with Wilcoxon rank-sum test, if non-normality was suspected) or chi-square tests (or Fisher's exact test, for small numbers) for categorical data.
2Univariate survival comparisons, using Cox proportional hazards models with only the one single variable.