Table 1.
Basic demographic, clinical, lifestyle, and biochemical characteristics of the study population, specified by HbA1c concentration
| HbA1c < 7% n = 17450 |
HbA1c> = 7% n = 323 |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | P value | ||
| Age, year | 51.0 | 10.9 | 56.6 | 10.2 | < .0001 | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.8 | 3.2 | 25.8 | 3.7 | < .0001 | |
| Waist, cm | 83.5 | 9.1 | 89.6 | 9.9 | < .0001 | |
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 122.6 | 16.0 | 131.6 | 16.1 | < .0001 | |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 73.1 | 10.5 | 77.5 | 10.2 | < .0001 | |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 90.6 | 10.2 | 172.0 | 54.7 | < .0001 | |
| Postprandial glucose, mg/dL | 117.8 | 48.1 | 167.7 | 99.1 | < .0001 | |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 203.7 | 36.8 | 220.7 | 47.3 | < .0001 | |
| Triglyceride, mg/dL | 119.1 | 75.1 | 193.0 | 151.9 | < .0001 | |
| HDL-cholesterol, mg/dL | 44.7 | 44.1 | 40.3 | 8.9 | < .0001 | |
| LDL-cholesterol, mg/dL | 119.6 | 32.5 | 134.8 | 43.5 | < .0001 | |
| CRP, mg/dL | 0.16 | 0.40 | 0.31 | 0.66 | < .0001 | |
| Uric acid, mg/dL | 6.05 | 1.53 | 6.03 | 1.55 | 0.77 | |
| White blood cells | 5.43 | 1.49 | 6.30 | 1.76 | < .0001 | |
| HbA1c, % | 5.42 | 0.37 | 8.86 | 1.98 | < .0001 | |
| % | % | |||||
| Gender | women | 44.9 | 31.6 | < .0001 | ||
| men | 55.2 | 68.4 | ||||
| BMI group | < .0001 | |||||
| BMI < 25 | 67.4 | 43.0 | ||||
| 25~30 | 29.1 | 45.2 | ||||
| BMI > = 30 | 3.5 | 11.8 | ||||
| Medication history | ||||||
| Hypertension | 12.7 | 19.2 | 0.001 | |||
| Diuretics usage | 1.9 | 4.3 | 0.001 | |||
| Lipid lowering | 3.2 | 3.7 | 0.59 | |||
| Family history of diabetes | < .0001 | |||||
| None | 71.3 | 61.3 | ||||
| Second relatives | 5.4 | 4.0 | ||||
| First relatives | 23.3 | 34.7 | ||||
| Current smoking | Yes | 13.9 | 20.7 | 0.0004 | ||
| Alcohol drinking | Yes | 55.6 | 50.2 | 0.05 | ||
| Martial status | Unmarried | 11.5 | 9.5 | 0.55 | ||
| Married | 87.7 | 89.6 | ||||
| Separate | 0.3 | 0.6 | ||||
| Unknown | 0.5 | 0.3 | ||||
| Job | Manual work | 5.4 | 5.3 | 0.23 | ||
| Business | 24.0 | 21.7 | ||||
| Government, Teacher | 21.3 | 17.3 | ||||
| Housework | 10.1 | 12.4 | ||||
| No job | 4.6 | 6.5 | ||||
| Service | 5.8 | 5.6 | ||||
| Student | 0.4 | 0.0 | ||||
| Other job | 28.6 | 31.3 | ||||