Table 2.
Association of lung cancer with pulmonary infections among persons with AIDS&
| Recurrent pneumonia | Pulmonary tuberculosis | Pnemocystitis jirovecii pneumonia | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | p-value | HR (95% CI) | p-value | HR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Overall lung cancer risk during 4-120 months after AIDS onset | 1.63(1.08-2.46) | 0.019 | 1.11(0.81-1.51) | 0.520 | 0.98(0.80-1.19) | 0.806 |
| Overall lung cancer risk during 4-120 months after AIDS onset by lung cancer subtype # | ||||||
| Squamous cell carcinoma | 0.98(0.31-3.07) | 0.967 | 1.56(0.89-2.75) | 0.099 | 0.82(0.53-1.28) | 0.385 |
| Small cell carcinoma | 2.23(0.53-9.31) | 0.273 | 1.95(0.74-5.10) | 0.176 | 1.09(0.53-2.24) | 0.817 |
| Large cell carcinoma | 0.88(0.12-6.41) | 0.900 | 1.39(0.49-3.94) | 0.531 | 1.44(0.77-2.67) | 0.250 |
| Adenocarcinoma | 1.78(0.94-3.36) | 0.077 | 0.88(0.50-1.55) | 0.655 | 1.12(0.83-1.51) | 0.456 |
| Uncommon/unknown histologies | 2.02(0.99-4.12) | 0.053 | 0.79(0.40-1.56) | 0.500 | 0.74(0.48-1.12) | 0.152 |
| Lung cancer risk stratified by time since pulmonary infection | ||||||
| < 1 year | 1.62(0.67-3.93) | 0.282 | 2.01(1.21-3.34) | 0.007 | 1.31(0.93-1.84) | 0.123 |
| 1 to < 5 years | 1.42(0.82-2.47) | 0.213 | 0.79(0.50-1.26) | 0.792 | 0.91(0.71-1.18) | 0.475 |
| 5 to 10 years | 2.41(1.07-5.47) | 0.035 | 1.13(0.60-2.16) | 0.702 | 0.76(0.47-1.23) | 0.268 |
| p-trend # | 0.443 | 0.882 | 0.301 | |||
| Lung cancer risk according to age at AIDS onset | ||||||
| < 50 years | 1.99(1.26-3.16) | 0.003 | 1.10(0.75-1.60) | 0.638 | 1.03(0.82-1.29) | 0.812 |
| ≥ 50 years | 1.10(0.45-2.69) | 0.827 | 1.26(0.74-2.17) | 0.393 | 0.80(0.55-1.18) | 0.265 |
| Lung cancer risk according to calendar period of pulmonary infection | ||||||
| Pre-HAART era (1977-1995) | 1.59(0.97-2.62) | 0.069 | 1.05(0.75-1.48) | 0.764 | 0.94(0.76-1.17) | 0.565 |
| HAART era (1996-2002) | 1.77(0.88-3.60) | 0.112 | 1.09(0.51-2.32) | 0.821 | 1.03(0.67-1.57) | 0.906 |
| Lung cancer risk according occurrence of pulmonary infection relative to AIDS onset | ||||||
| At AIDS onset | 1.22(0.72-2.08) | 0.458 | 1.05(0.74-1.48) | 0.789 | 0.92(0.75-1.14) | 0.445 |
| After AIDS onset | 1.46(0.78-2.72) | 0.236 | 1.08(0.61-1.91) | 0.797 | 1.07(0.74-1.53) | 0.735 |
&
Models were adjusted for age, sex, race, mode of HIV acquisition, CD4 count at AIDS onset, and calendar year of AIDS onset.
#
After excluding the first year of follow-up, we calculated a p-value for trend in HRs across the following latency intervals: 2 to <3, 3 to < 4, 4 to < 5, and 5+ years.