Table 3.
Factors associated with the five main outcomes according to the logistic regression analysis
| Main outcomes | Significant factors | Proportion of the outcome (%) | Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bivariate | Multivariatea | |||
| Perception of anesthesia as being less safeb | Perioperative adverse effectse | |||
| Yes | 63/117 (53.8) | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| No | 42/58 (72.4) | 2.25 (1.14–4.45) | 6.10 (1.43–26.04)* | |
| Satisfaction with preoperative anesthesia education | ||||
| Strongly agree | 13/75 (17.3) | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Do not strongly agreef | 92/100 (92.0) | 54.8 (21.47–140.08) | 15.03 (4.65–48.55)* | |
| Having good communication with medical staff | ||||
| Strongly agree | 25/85 (29.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Do not strongly agreef | 80/90 (88.9) | 19.20 (8.57–43.00) | 2.61 (0.76–8.93) | |
| Having good interaction with family before and after surgery | ||||
| Strongly agree | 6/56 (10.7) | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Do not strongly agreef | 99/119 (83.2) | 41.25 (15.58–109.21) | 21.80 (5.15–92.42)* | |
| Having ≥3 postoperative symptoms | Duration of surgery | |||
| <3 h | 44/87 (50.6) | 1.00 | – | |
| ≧3 h | 61/91 (67.0) | 2.00 (1.08–3.64) | – | |
| Severe painc at 2 h post-surgery | Sex | |||
| Female | 14/80 (17.5) | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Male | 31/100 (31.0) | 2.12 (1.04–4.33) | 2.08 (1.00–4.29)* | |
| Type of surgical procedures | ||||
| Laparoscopic surgery | 5/45 (11.1) | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Open surgery | 40/135 (29.6) | 3.39 (1.24–9.16) | 3.30 (1.21–9.05)* | |
| No reductiond in pain after surgery | Sex | |||
| Female | 48/79 (60.8) | 1.00 | – | |
| Male | 42/99 (42.4) | 0.48 (0.26–0.87) | – | |
| Feeling pain equal to or more than expected | Amount of blood loss | |||
| <100 ml | 23/66 (34.8) | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| ≧100 ml | 59/112 (52.7) | 1.04 (1.01–1.07) | 1.04 (1.01–1.07)* | |
| Having good communication with medical staff | ||||
| Strongly agree | 33/86 (38.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Do not strongly agreef | 49/92 (53.3) | 1.83 (1.01–3.33) | 1.90 (1.03–3.49)* | |
Fifteen items of sociodemographic characteristics and surgical and anesthetic factors were entered into the analysis of having three or more postoperative symptoms. In the analyses of the other four outcomes, five additional variables of sociodemographic characteristics and patients’ views were entered
OR Odds ratio, CI confidence interval
* p < 0.05
aMultiple logistic regression analysis entering all significant factors in the bivariate logistic regression analysis
b“Agree” was categorized as ‘feeling less safe’ as opposed to “strongly agree”, and the other three categories of “neutral”, “disagree”, and “strongly disagree” were excluded
c“Severe pain” includes the upper three scores out of six-level face scale scores
d“No reduction” includes worsened and no change in pain between 2 and 24 h post-surgery
ePerioperative adverse effects include cardiovascular, respiratory, neurological, and other adverse effects
fCategory includes “agree”, “neutral”, “disagree”, and “strongly disagree”