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. 2010 Sep 20;11(9):3397–3412. doi: 10.3390/ijms11093397

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© 2010 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

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Detection of affected toxicological endpoints by D-score. (A) Rats were treated with prototypical hepatotoxicants acetaminophen (APAP), phenobarbital (PB), clofibrate (CFB) or acetamidofluorene (AAF), and the hepatic microarray data were obtained at 3, 6, 9 and 24 h after treatment. The D-score highlights the activated toxicological endpoints elicited by the chemicals: glutathione depletion and inflammation by APAP, Cyp2b/Cyp3a induction by PB, PPARα activation by CFB and Cyp1 induction by AAF; (B) All the D-scores except for that of Cyp2b exhibited a clear dose-response. Data are reprinted from [31] with permission from Elsevier.