Table 1.

Characteristics of the Included Studies

			Outcomes examined
Author and year (reference)	Country	Thyroid cancer patients in study	Ablation rates	Urinary iodine measurements	RAI kinetics	Recurrence or mortality	Side effects
Goslings 1975 (5)	The Netherlands	15 patients with metastatic thyroid cancer (7 LID, 8 LID + ethacrynic acid)	No	Yes	Yes	No	Not assessed
Lakshmanan et al. 1988 (6)	United States	5 athyreotic patients with a history of thyroid cancer who had negative RAI scans	No	Yes	No	No	Not assessed
Maruca et al. 1984 (7)	United States	3 patients with metastatic thyroid cancer (1 bone, 2 neck)	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes, present (nausea, diarrhea, attributed to sodium chloride 12 g/day)
Maxon et al. 1983 (8)	United States	40 thyroid cancer patients, some of whom had prior treatment or residual disease (19 LID and 21 regular diet)	No	Yes	No	No	Yes, present (diet “boring,” no other adverse effects)
Morris 2001 (9)	United States	94 thyroid cancer patients undergoing initial I-131 ablative therapy after thyroidectomy, including patients with metastatic lesions to lymph nodes or lungs (44 LID and 50 regular diet)	Yes	Yes	No	No	Not assessed
Park et al. 2004 (10)	United States	58 thyroid cancer patients undergoing RAI scanning (excludes overlap among groups) 21 rhTSH+ 1 week LID, 24 rhTSH+ 2 week LID, 28 hypothyroid + 2 week LID (overlap 15 patients from rhTSH groups)	No	Yes	No	No	Not assessed
Pluijmen et al. 2003 (11)	The Netherlands	120 patients with papillary or follicular thyroid carcinoma, treated with RAI after total thyroidectomy (including some patients with extrathyroidal extension of disease or lymph node metastases, but no distant metastases)	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Not assessed
Tomoda et al. 2005 (12)	Japan	252 thyroid cancer patients who had a thyroidectomy and were undergoing RAI scans	No	Yes	No	No	Not assessed

LID, low-iodine diet; RAI, radioactive iodine; rhTSH, recombinant human thyrotropin.