Table 5.
Characteristics of genes with novel association to castration-recurrence in vivo
| Associated with | Associated with | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gene* | S or PM† | Reg. by A‡ | Spec. to P§ | CaPII | GG¶ | Prog.** | Mets†† | CR‡‡ | Gene | S or PM | Reg. by A | Spec. to P | CaP | GG | Prog. | Mets | CR |
| ABHD2 | PM | Y↑ | - | Y↑ | - | - | - | - | NKX3-1 | - | Y↑ | Y | - | - | - | Y | - |
| ACY1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ODC1 | - | Y↑ | - | Y↑ | - | Y↓ | - | Y↑ |
| AQP3 | PM | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | OPRK1 | PM | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| ATP5G2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | OR51E2 | PM | - | - | Y↑ | - | - | - | - |
| B2M | S&PM | Y↑ | - | - | - | Y↑ | - | Y↓ | P4HA1 | - | Y | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| BNIP3 | - | - | - | Y↓ | - | - | - | - | PCGEM1 | - | Y↑ | Y | Y↑ | - | Y↑ | - | - |
| BTG1 | - | Y↓ | - | - | - | - | - | - | PCOTH | - | - | Y | Y↑ | - | Y↑ | - | - |
| C17orf45 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | PGK1 | - | Y↑ | - | Y↓ | Y↑ | - | Y ↑↓§§ | - |
| C19orf48 | S | Y↑ | - | - | - | - | - | - | PIK3CD | - | - | - | - | - | - | Y↑ | Y↑ |
| C1orf80 | - | - | - | - | Y↑ | - | - | - | PJA2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| CAMK2N1 | - | Y↓ | - | - | Y↑ | Y↑ | - | - | PLCB4 | PM | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| CCNH | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | PPP2CB | - | - | - | Y↓ | - | - | - | - |
| CCT2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | PPP2R1A | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| CD151 | PM | - | - | - | - | Y↑ | Y↑ | - | PSMA7 | - | - | - | Y↓ | - | - | - | - |
| COMT | - | - | - | - | - | Y↓ | - | - | PTGFR | PM | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| CUEDC2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | QKI | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| CXCR7 | PM | Y↓ | - | - | - | - | Y↑ | Y↑ | RAMP1 | PM | - | Y | Y↑ | - | - | - | - |
| DHRS7 | PM | - | - | - | - | - | Y↓ | - | RNF208 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| EEF1A2 | - | Y↑ | - | Y↑ | - | - | - | - | RPL11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | Y↓ | - |
| EEF2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | RPL28 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| ELOVL5 | PM | Y | Y | Y↓ | - | - | - | - | RPS11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | Y↓ | - |
| ENDOD1 | S | Y↑ | - | - | - | - | - | - | RPS18 | - | - | - | Y↑ | - | - | - | - |
| ENO2 | PM | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | RPS3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| ENSG00000210082 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | S100A10 | PM | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| ENSG00000211459 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | SBDS | - | - | - | - | - | Y↑ | - | - |
| FGFRL1 | PM | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | SELENBP1 | - | Y↓ | - | Y↓ | - | - | - | - |
| FKBP10 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | SERINC5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| GALNT3 | - | - | - | Y↑ | - | Y↓ | - | - | SF3A2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | Y↑ | - |
| GAS5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | SFRS2B | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| GLO1 | - | - | - | Y↑ | Y↑ | Y↑ | - | - | SH3BP5L | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| GNB2L1 | PM | - | - | - | - | - | Y↑ | - | SLC25A4 | - | - | - | Y↑ | - | - | - | - |
| GRB10 | PM | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | SLC25A6 | - | - | - | Y↑ | - | - | - | - |
| H2AFJ | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | SNX3 | - | - | - | - | Y↑ | - | - | - |
| HES6 | - | - | - | - | - | - | Y↑ | Y↑ | SPIRE1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| HLA-B | PM | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | SPON2 | S | - | Y | Y↑ | - | - | - | - |
| HMGB2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Y↑ | STEAP1 | PM | - | Y | Y↑ | - | - | - | - |
| HN1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | Y↑ | - | SYNC1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| HSD17B4 | - | Y↑ | - | Y↑ | - | - | - | - | TFPI | S | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| LOC644844 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | TK1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | Y↑ | - |
| MAOA | - | Y | - | - | Y↑ | - | - | - | TKT | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| MARCKSL1 | PM | - | - | Y↑ | - | - | - | - | TMEM30A | S&PM | - | - | - | - | Y↑ | - | - |
| MDK | S&PM | Y↓ | - | Y↑ | - | - | - | Y↑ | TMEM66 | S&PM | Y↑ | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| MT-CO3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | TPD52 | - | Y↑ | Y | Y↑ | - | Y↑ | Y↓ | - |
| MT-ND3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | TRPM8 | PM | Y↑ | - | Y↑ | - | - | - | Y↓ |
| NAAA | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Y↑ | UTX | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| NAT14 | PM | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | VPS13B | PM | - | - | - | - | - | Y↑ | - |
| NELF | PM | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | WDR45L | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| NGFRAP1 | - | - | - | Y↓ | - | - | - | - | YWHAQ | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
* Human Genome Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)-approved gene names were used when possible. Non-HGNC-approved gene names were not italicized.
† S or PM, gene product is thought to be secreted (S) or localize to the plasma membrane (PM)
‡ Reg. by A, gene expression changes in response to androgen in prostate cells
§ Spec. to P, gene expression is specific to- or enriched in- prostate tissue compared to other tissues
II CaP, gene is differentially expressed in prostate cancer compared to normal, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia
¶ GG, gene is differentially expressed in higher Gleason grade tissue versus lower Gleason grade tissue
** Prog., gene expression correlates with late-stage prostate cancer or is a risk factor that predicts progression
†† Mets, gene expression is associated with prostate cancer metastasis in human samples or in vivo models
‡‡ CR, gene is associated with castration-recurrent prostate cancer in human tissue or in vivo models, but exhibits an opposite trend of this report
§§ Y, yes; ↑, high gene expression; ↓, low gene expression