Table 1.

Participant Characteristics

	Statistics	Group A n = 256	Group B n = 47
Age (years)	Mean ± standard deviation, range	52.1 ± 10.7, 23–73	49.7 ± 13.6, 19–69
Age
<18 years	n (%)	0	0
18–40 years	n (%)	36 (14.1)	9 (19.1)
40–65 years	n (%)	188 (73.4)	31 (66.0)
≥65 years	n (%)	32 (12.5)	7 (14.9)
Gender
Male	n (%)	83 (32.4)	22 (46.8)
Female	n (%)	173 (67.6)	25 (53.2)
Ethnicity
Hispanic	n (%)	237 (92.6)	42 (89.4)
Not Hispanic	n (%)	19 (7.4)	5 (10.6)
Duration of diabetes (years)	Mean ± standard deviation, range	10.9 ± 7.4, 1.1–39.4	8.9 ± 6.6, 1.5–26.5
Type of diabetes
Type 1	n (%)	7 (2.7)	3 (6.4)
Type 2	n (%)	249 (97.3)	44 (93.6)
Experience with injection pen
Yes	n (%)	119 (46.5)	14 (29.8)
No	n (%)	137 (53.5)	33 (70.2)