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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Oct 19.
Published in final edited form as: J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2009 Dec;138(6):1392–1399. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.07.075

FIGURE 4.

FIGURE 4

Histochemistry and immunohistochemistry in mice 14 days after elastase or saline perfusion. Movat staining demonstrated destruction of the medial elastin layer in elastase-treated animals. SM α-actin and SM22α (arrowheads) are downregulated compared with that seen in saline controls. Expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and 9 is markedly increased in elastase-treated animals. There is little activated (cleaved) caspase-3 staining in either elastase- or saline-treated animals (brown staining positive, methyl green nuclear counterstain). Images were obtained at 25× magnification, except for caspase-3, which was obtained at 10× magnification.