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. 2010 Jun 22;18(9):1606–1614. doi: 10.1038/mt.2010.105

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Encapsulated curcumin had a higher inhibitory effect on IL-6 and TNF-α secretion than free curcumin in vitro. RAW 264.7 cells were plated into 24-well plates and incubated overnight. The cells were then treated with curcumin or EL-4 exosomal curcumin at a concentration of 20 µmol/l for 1 hour and then stimulated with LPS (50 ng/ml) for an additional 6 hours. RAW 264.7 cells treated with PBS or exosomes served as controls. TNF-α and IL-6 in the culture supernatant were determined using a standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data are represented as mean ± SEM (n = 6). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. LPS, lipopolysaccharide; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline.