Table 3.
Blood amino acid concentrations, blood glucose, and plasma insulin concentrations in the fasted-state and following ingestion of 20 g of whey protein isolate during trial 1 and trial 2
| After drink |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fast | 0 h | 0.5 h | 1.0 h | 1.5 h | 2.0 h | 3.0 h | |
| Trial 1: | |||||||
| ∑ EAA (μm) | 563 ± 48 | 624 ± 60 | 757 ± 72 | 1096 ± 98* | 900 ± 92* | 858 ± 73 | 618 ± 53 |
| Leucine (μm) | 80 ± 7 | 89 ± 7 | 125 ± 20 | 244 ± 29* | 187 ± 16* | 153 ± 14* | 106 ± 10 |
| Insulin (μU ml−1) | 4.4 ± 0.4 | 3.5 ± 0.6 | 13.0 ± 0.2* | 18.5 ± 3.4* | 6.9 ± 1.0* | 5.1 ± 0.6 | 4.03 ± 0.6 |
| Glucose (mm) | 5.6 ± 0.2 | – | 5.6 ± 0.3 | 5.5 ± 0.1 | 5.6 ± 0.1 | 5.6 ± 0.4 | 5.4 ± 0.1 |
| Trial 2: | |||||||
| ∑ EAA (μm) | 611 ± 47 | 600 ± 38 | 964 ± 63* | 1156 ± 105* | 889 ± 101* | 756 ± 62 | 617 ± 60 |
| Leucine (μm) | 104 ± 10 | 99 ± 12 | 201 ± 19* | 239 ± 30* | 214 ± 35* | 154 ± 20 | 120 ± 16 |
| Insulin (μU ml−1) | 4.1 ± 0.5 | 4.2 ± 1.0 | 8.2 ± 1.3* | 16.2 ± 2.5* | 8.5 ± 2.2* | 4.6 ± 0.6 | – |
| Glucose (mm) | 5.5 ± 0.2 | – | 5.2 ± 0.2 | 4.9 ± 0.1 | 5.0 ± 0.2 | 5.0 ± 0.2 | 4.7 ± 0.2 |
Values are means ±s.e.m. (n = 8). Drink comprised 20 g of whey protein isolate. ∑ EAA are sum of His, Ile, Leu, Lys, Met, Phe, Thr, Val (note: Cys not measured).
*
Significantly different from Fast, P < 0.05.