FIG 4 .
Effect of site-directed mutagenesis at Phe160 on porin activity. The last residue of the β-barrel termination sequence, Phe160, was changed to various other amino acids by site-directed mutagenesis with plasmid pKY-His6OprF as a template as described in Materials and Methods. All mutant proteins were expressed in E. coli HN705 in LB broth at 30°C overnight and purified, and the specific pore-forming activity of each protein was analyzed by a proteoliposome assay with l-arabinose.