Table 2.
Health-related quality of life, psychological status, and limitations in activities of daily living of 337 COPD patients, according to ATS/ERS severity stages.
| Total n = 337 |
Mild n = 19 |
Moderate n = 161 |
Severe n = 130 |
Very severe n = 27 |
p* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Health-related quality of life | |||||||
| SGRQ score (from 0 -no impairment- to 100) | |||||||
| Symptoms | m (SD) | 48.5 (17.6) | 47.2 (13.8) | 45.4 (16.5) | 50.5 (18.4) | 58.3 (18.7) | 0.002† |
| Activity | m (SD) | 47.2 (24.5) | 27.5 (21.5) | 39.8 (21.3) | 54.4 (23.6) | 71.2 (21.4) | < 0.001‡ |
| Impact | m (SD) | 26.5 (18.6) | 13.4 (10.3) | 22.0 (16.4) | 30.5 (18.3) | 43.2 (21.2) | < 0.001‡ |
| Total | m (SD) | 36.5 (17.8) | 23.5 (11.5) | 31.4 (15.1) | 41.0 (17.5) | 54.2 (18.8) | < 0.001‡ |
| Activities of daily living (n = 333) | |||||||
| Barthel Index (from 0 to 100) | median (P25-P75) | 100 (100-100) | 100 (100-100) | 100 (100-100) | 100 (100-100) | 100 (97.5-100) | 0.013† |
| Dependent (Barthel Index <100) | n (%) | 30 (9.0) | 0 (0) | 10 (6.2) | 14 (10.9) | 6 (24.0) | 0.020† |
| Psychological status | |||||||
| HADS-anxiety score (from 0 to 21) | median (P25-P75) | 5 (2-8) | 6 (1-11) | 5 (3-8) | 4 (2-7) | 5 (3-8) | 0.898 |
| HADS-depression score (from 0 to 21) | median (P25-P75) | 3 (1-5.5) | 2 (0-5) | 3 (1-5) | 3 (1-6) | 4 (1-7) | 0.533 |
| HADS anxiety score ≥8 | n (%) | 91 (27.0) | 8 (42.1) | 46 (28.6) | 29 (22.3) | 8 (29.6) | 0.267 |
| HADS depression score ≥8 | n (%) | 46 (13.6) | 4 (21.1) | 20 (12.4) | 16 (12.3) | 6 (22.2) | 0.349 |
| HADS anxiety ≥8 and HADS depression ≥8 | n (%) | 30 (8.9) | 4 (21.1) | 13 (8.1) | 9 (6.9) | 4 (14.8) | 0.122 |
| HADS anxiety ≥8 and HADS depression <8 | n (%) | 61 (18.1) | 4 (21.1) | 33 (20.5) | 20 (15.4) | 4 (14.8) | 0.664 |
| HADS anxiety <8 and HADS depression ≥8 | n (%) | 16 (4.7) | 0 (0) | 7 (4.3) | 7 (5.4) | 2 (7.4) | 0.732 |
COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ERS/ATS, European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society; SGRQ, St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.
* P-values in the table indicate that at least one of the severity groups differs from another severity group; † Separate analysis for each severity group showed that significant differences were observed between consecutive stages from moderate to very severe, without differences in the mild group; ‡ Separate analysis for each severity group showed that significant differences were observed between all consecutive stages from mild to very severe.