Table 3. Quality appraisal of included studies: time-series analyses.

Time-Series Analysis	Study (First Author Name)	Prospective Design	Control Group	Confounders Controlled	Selection Bias Minimized	Appropriate Statistical Measures
Econometric	Ching [78]	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
	Venkataraman [40]	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
	Windmeijer [41]	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
	Chintagunta [42]	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
	Narayanan [43]	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
	Donohue [44]	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
	Mizik [45]	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
	Manchanda [46]	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
	Manchanda and Chintagunta [47]	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
	Berndt [48]	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
	Rosenthal [79]	No	No	Yes	No	Yes
	Azoulay [49]	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
	Rizzo [50]	No	No	Yes	No	Yes
	Hurwitz [51]	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
	Mackowiak [52]	No	No	No	Yes	Yes
	Leffler [53]	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
	Telser [54]	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
Other	Spurling [55]	Yes	No	No	No	Yes
	Stafford [56]	Yes	No	No	Yes	No
	Charbit [34]	No	No	No	Yes	No
	Auvray [57]	No	No	No	No	No
	Cleary [26]	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
	Soumerai [58]	No	Yes	No	Yes	No