Table 7.
Endogenous levels of the analytes in different tissues of different species
| Tissue | Analytes [ng/g] | Human (n=3) | Guinea Pig (n=3) | Rat (n=2) | Mouse (n=8) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lung | 9-cis retinol | n.d. | 11.0 ± 0.6 | 32.7 ± 2.4 | 600.0 ± 42.1 |
| all-trans retinol | 168.2 ± 18.9 | 233.7 ± 8.4 | 498.0 ± 48.6 | 8,948.1 ± 436.4 | |
| retinyl linoleate | n.d. | 7.9 ± 0.7 | 456.3 ± 110.9 | 14,644.8 ± 468.1 | |
| retinyl oleate | 45.9 ± 8.4 | 13.4 ± 1.0 | 696.1 ± 178.8 | 15,944.1 ± 534.4 | |
| retinyl palmitate | 57.8 ± 0.9 | 31.5 ± 4.5 | 2,803.8 ± 447.9 | 213,889.8 ± 6,459.6 | |
| retinyl stearate | 106.5 ± 11.4 | 85.4 ± 2.0 | 1,525.7 ± 354.8 | 110,126.2 ± 3,291.2 | |
| α–tocopherol | 15,453.5 ± 1,770.6 | 11,130.9 ± 495.0 | 60,775.7 ± 6,126.5 | 35,312.1 ± 1,573.5 | |
| δ–tocopherol | 231.4 ± 135.7 | 49.4 ± 8.6 | 127.0 ± 15.6 | 721.2 ± 43.4 | |
| γ/β–tocopherol | 1,329.1 ± 765.9 | 538.6 ± 44.5 | 1,582.9 ± 354.8 | 1,510.2 ± 116.0 | |
| lutein [6] | 118.2 ± 9.9 | 140.2 ± 8.9 | n.d. | n.d. | |
| β-carotene | 109.3 ± 55.2 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | |
| Liver | 9-cis retinol | n.a. | 365.3 ± 70.6 | 3,702.5 ± 474.9 | 785.5 ± 89.1 |
| all-trans retinol | n.a. | 5,593.4 ± 452.8 | 117,126.2 ± 15,925.6 | 28,171.7 ± 2,469.2 | |
| retinyl linoleate | n.a. | 26,517.5 ± 1,617.7 | 253,876.5 ± 7,202.0 | 24,557.4 ± 1,328.0 | |
| retinyl oleate | n.a. | 40,242.0 ± 3,013.5 | 243,338.7 ± 11,994.1 | 19,063.4 ± 1,137.4 | |
| retinyl palmitate | n.a. | 300,536.4 ± 20,283.3 | 4,149,895.5 ± 85,269.1 | 449,180.6 ± 21,979.1 | |
| retinyl stearate | n.a. | 133,121.9 ± 9,538.6 | 797,903.3 ± 17,515.6 | 33,277.6 ± 1,870.2 | |
| α–tocopherol | n.a. | 15,878.3 ± 920.5 | 270,294.1 ± 6,850.7 | 37,563.2 ± 1,647.8 | |
| δ–tocopherol | n.a. | n.d. | 4,284.5 ± 2,246.0 | 1,144.5 ± 268.0 | |
| γ/β–tocopherol | n.a. | n.d. | 11,938.5 ± 1,748.3 | 6,742.7 ± 1,772.4 | |
| lutein [6] | n.a. | 709.4 ± 57.8 | n.d. | n.d. | |
| Plasmaa | 9-cis retinol | n.a. | 89.7 ± 17.5 | 20.2 ± 9.1 | 0 |
| all-trans retinol | n.a. | 517.6 ± 14.7 | 164.2 ± 31.7 | 33.92 ± 8.17 | |
| retinyl linoleate | n.a. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | |
| retinyl oleate | n.a. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | |
| retinyl palmitate | n.a. | 32.9 ±19.2 | 84.9 ± 7.0 | 9.60 ± 1.85 | |
| retinyl stearate | n.a. | 40.6 ± 30.7 | 25.2 ± 6.9 | 3.97 ± 1.09 | |
| α–tocopherol | n.a. | 2,019.7 ± 818.2 | 19,096.5 ± 862.3 | 207.36 ± 39.37 | |
| δ–tocopherol | n.a. | 77.5 ± 46.2 | n.d. | n.d. | |
| γ/β–tocopherol | n.a. | 296.1 ± 229.6 | 297.6 ± 80.3 | 2.95 ± 2.76 | |
| lutein [6] | n.a. | 18.4 ± 1.0 | n.d. | n.d. |
aData represents mean values in [ng/g wet weight] ± SEM; n.d. = not detected, n.a. = not assessed;
a
Plasma values are given in [ng/mL] ± SEM.