Figure 2. Gustatory responsiveness after changes in odor.

Gustatory response scores (GRSs) of caged bees fed on 15% w/w sucrose solution throughout their adult life. Groups of 7- and 14-day-old bees experienced one of three treatments: i) fed unscented 15% w/w sucrose solution (A and D, unscented food - no odor exposure: open boxes), ii) fed unscented 15% w/w sucrose solution with linalool (LIO) as a volatile in the rearing environment (B and E, unscented food - odor exposure: dark gray boxes), or iii) fed LIO scented 15% w/w sucrose solution (C and F, scented food - no odor exposure: light gray boxes). Zero, 6 and 24 h columns in each panel represent the time for which the treatment specific food type was circulating in the hive prior to GRS testing. Asterisks indicate statistical differences (Kruskal-Wallis, ** p<0.01, n.s. not significant; for details see the text). Boxes indicate the inter-quartile range, horizontal lines within boxes indicate the medians, whiskers include all points within 1.5 times the inter-quartiles, empty circles indicate outliers. The number of observations is shown in parentheses.