Table 5. Real time PCR quantification of the genes belonging to the functional and transcriptional gene clusters identified by the genome-wide DNA microarray analysis.
| 35 Days | 180 Days | |||
| Gene | Controls | Low protein | Controls | Low protein |
| IRS1 | 1.00±0.05 | 1.44±0.13* | 1.00±0.02 | 1.39±0.10** |
| PI3K | 1.00±0.02 | 1.27±0.04** | 0.94±0.11 | 1.33±0.07* |
| PDK1 | 1.00±0.06 | 1.19±0.O4 * | 1.00±0.03 | 1.32±0.05** |
| Akt3 | 1.00±0.05 | 1.20±0.04* | 1.00±0.05 | 1.36±0.10* |
| GSK3β | 0.94±0.08 | 1.41±0.08* | 0.98±0.07 | 1.32±0.07* |
| Tsc1 | 0.97±0.07 | 1.39±0.12* | 1.01±0.11 | 1.43±0.01* |
| Tsc2 | 1.05±0.03 | 0.99±0.06 | 1.00±0.05 | 1.15±0.05 |
| CBL | 0.93±0.08 | 1.36±0.06* | 1.00±0.09 | 1.25±0.03* |
| GR | 1.00±0.057 | 0.61±0.07* | 1.00±0.07 | 1.39±0.06* |
| TRβ | 1.03±0.10 | 1.43±0.11* | 1.01±0.07 | 1.42±0.11* |
| RORα | 1.01±0.06 | 1.24±0.05* | 1.00±0.06 | 1.57±0.06** |
| RORβ | 1.00±0.03 | 1.21±0.04* | 0.91±0.09 | 1.44±0.13* |
| PPARγ | 1.00±0.07 | 0.59±0.08* | 1.03±0.04 | 0.71±0.01*** |
| RXRα | 0.97±0.03 | 1.21±0.007* | 1.02±0.02 | 1.20±0.06* |
| ERα | 1.02±0.09 | 1.53±0.12** | 1.00±0.06 | 1.62±0.14* |
| AR | 1.07±0.03 | 1.25±0.04* | 1.00±0.04 | 1.30±0.05* |
| TR4 | 1.00±0.04 | 1.31±0.07** | 0.95±0.04 | 1.33±0.13* |
| GCNF | 1.04±0.08 | 1.35±0.04** | 1.01±0.08 | 1.32±0.07* |
| PGC-1α | 1.00±0.04 | 1.27±0.04** | 0.96±0.04 | 1.18±0.02** |
| PGC-1β | 1.00±0.02 | 1.25±0.06** | 1.00±0.05 | 1.42±0.03* |
Quantitative RT-PCR experiments were performed in triplicate using non-pooled mRNA samples from 3 to 4 different animals and β-actin as internal control. The relative amount of the different genes normalized to the endogenous expression of β-actin was calculated by the formula 2-ΔΔC T where ΔΔC T = (C Tgene - C Tβ-actin) LP rat - (C Tgene - C Tβ-actin) control rat.
*P<0.05;
**P<0.01;
***P<0.001 compared with control animals of the same age.